The nontoxic mutant lethal factor (mLF; which has the E687C substitution) and functional protective antigen (PA63) of Bacillus anthracis were evaluated for their use as mucosal vaccines against anthrax in A/J mice. Intranasal vaccination of three doses of 30 microg of mLF or 60 microg of PA63 elicited significant serum and mucosal antibody responses, with anthrax lethal toxin-neutralizing titer...

1. Mutants produced by x-irradiation of fungal spores of Chaetomium globosum have been compared with those produced by ultraviolet irradiation. 2. The most striking difference between the mutants produced by x-irradiation and ultraviolet irradiation is the absence in x-ray experiments of the K mutant which is produced in large numbers at short ultraviolet wave lengths. 3. A comparison is made o...

Human toxicity Digoxin is a very toxic compound, with an estimated lethal dose being only a few milligrams. Nausea and vomiting are early signs of acute digoxin toxicity. Among other symptoms are gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) disorders, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hyperkalemia, and muscle pain and weakness. Since digoxin is a cardiac medicine, its overdoses can have severe and multiple effects on...

In the field of radiotherapy of neoplastic disease the development of higher voltage radiation and neutrons has necessitated the determination of their relative effects, compared with lower voltage radiation. Clinically this important information can be gathered only after a period of years. However, much information may be gained by the use of animal tumors as experimental test objects. In thi...

The aim of this study was to investigate acute toxicity (96-hr LC50 and lethal concentrations) of waterborne metal mixture (Pb+Mn) for the fish, Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhina mrigala, Ctenopharyngodon idella and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. The extent of metals bio- accumulation in fish body organs viz. gills, liver, kidney, fins, bones, muscle and skin at both 96-hr LC50 and lethal conce...