Mold-produced toxins have tainted food crops probably since the beginnings of agriculture. These mycotoxins can occur when certain molds infect food crops before or after harvest. Both humans and animals are vulnerable to poisoning through consumption of contaminated foods, with acute or chronic illness—including cancer—a potential result. A study by Paul K. Chelule of the University of Natal i...

For many years Evolutionary Techniques have been successfully applied in several computational optimization problems. In order for obtain “best results” and a wide exploration of the search surface, the choices for tuning those methods can be exponentially complex and require a large human intervention. Those traditional Darwinian models rely only on randomness without any specified objective. ...

Speakers often have choices about how to structure their utterances. However, even though multiple alternatives may be acceptable in theory, often one of them will be preferred over the others. The question we explored here was what happens when speakers produce less preferred alternatives. We developed a new experimental paradigm to reliably elicit the propositional or double object dative wit...

Consider an income distribution among households of the same size and suppose that the individuals, equally needy from the point of view of an ethical observer, are treated unfairly within each household. We look for conditions under which welfare and inequality quasi-orders are preserved from the household level at the individual one. A necessary and sufficient condition for the Generalized Lo...

Broadcasting is scalable in terms of served users but not in terms of served data volume. Additionally, waiting time deadlines may be difficult to uphold due to the data clutter, forcing the clients to flee the system. This work proposes a way of selecting subsets of the original data that ensure near-optimal service ratio. The proposed technique relies on the novel data compatibility distance,...

THE publication of the seminal article by the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network (ARDSNet) on ventilation with lower tidal volumes in 2000 has changed the way we ventilate patients with ARDS. The use of low tidal volumes was the first therapy ever proven to improve survival of patients who were diagnosed with ARDS. Despite initial reluctance and even open criticism, clinicians across t...