Social partners (trade unions and employers' associations) shape labour institutions economic social outcomes in many countries. In this paper, we argue that, when examining partners' representativeness, it is important to consider both affiliation dissimilarity measures. The latter concerns the extent which affiliated non- firms or workers are distributed similarly across relevant dimensions, ...

I shall argue that the concept of (valid) law is a purely normative notion, irreducible to any factual description. This uncontroversial notion, which is shared by all approaching the law from the internal point of view, needs to be distinguished from the competing theories on the grounds of legal bindingness, namely, on the reasons for qualifying a norm as legally valid. I shall consider some ...

Cybersecurity in Russia is not a standalone concept but an integral part of national information security, which influences its legal status and applicable regulation, determines development trends. The purpose this article to outline the Russian approach cybersecurity, describe related framework, representative business cases trends development.

What role, if any, physicians should have in the response to gun violence is a question not only of professionalism but also of law, culture, and ethics. We argue that physicians do have important roles to play in the larger landscape of advocacy, public opinion, and reduction of gun violence, but that it is not ethically or legally appropriate for them to serve as gatekeepers of gun privileges...

Methods Using the example of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), we analyzed the potential role of the International Health Regulations (IHR), a legally binding agreement between 194 States Parties, whose aim is “to prevent, protect against, control and provide a public health response to the international spread of disease” with respect to AMR and assess whether selected CRE events ...

This paper explores ethical issues relating to the management of patients who are terminally ill and unable to maintain their own nutrition and hydration. A policy of sedation without hydration or nutrition is used in palliative medicine under certain circumstances. The author argues that this policy is dangerous, medically, ethically and legally, and can be disturbing for relatives. The role o...