A good legal knowledge representation system, capable of effectively providing investors with comprehensive legal knowledge, is needed for investors to prevent erratic behavior before investment decisions. This is especially important in Taiwan’s securities and futures markets because the majority of market participants are individual investors who have limited access to legal knowledge about m...

Appellate courts, which have the most control over legal doctrine, tend to operate through collegial (multimember) decision making. How does this collegiality affect their choice of legal doctrine? Can decisions by appellate courts be expected to result in a meaningful collegial rule? How do such collegial rules differ from the rules of individual judges? We explore these questions and show tha...

The music industry has repeatedly expressed concerns over potentially devastating impacts of online music sharing. Initial attempts to control online file sharing have been primarily through consumer education and legal action against the operators of networks that facilitated file sharing. Recent legal action against individual file sharers marked an unprecedented shift in the industry’s strat...

this qualitative study was conducted to identify the factors and barriers of entrepreneurship development from the perspective of iranian entrepreneurs. in terms of purpose, this study is applied- developmental and it is performed via descriptive phenomenological method. qualitative content analysis was used to collect the data. the study population comprised of recorded interviews with the ent...

As part of a multilevel systemic approach, the authors appearing in this journal suggest implications for social policy and legislation extrapolated from the individual, family, legal, and larger sociocultural systems discussed. The field of family psychology can play a significant leadership role in advocating policies and legislation relevant to the emerging family types and legal dilemmas ba...

Background: Various methods of ART have been able help to many women to have children. Surrogacy is one of these methods that is performed in Iran like other country. According to development of this method we need to survey of all, legal, religious, moral, psychological and sociological aspects. Materials and Methods: A review of library. Results: Although in most of volunteers of Surrogacy wo...

Background: In all wars, the only group that suffers even more than the military is the civilians, because they are the target of these conflicts due to their physiological condition, and because they are less able to defend themselves, they are more at risk than others. Individuals are exposed and more exposed to violence and violations of rights and freedoms than any other individual or group...

at first, this article explained the theoretical foundations of sadraee wisdom as a criterion for evaluation, then; it discussed the bourdieu’s intellectual system and then is criticized his approach. in discussing the theoretical foundations of authenticity of individual and society, substantial motion, human truth, knowledge, integration and development-oriented nature based on sadra’s point ...