Leaf-cutting ants are well known for their highly complex social organization, which provides them with a strong defense against parasites invading their colonies. Besides this attribute, these insects have morphological, physiological and structural characteristics further reinforcing the defense of their colonies. With the discovery of symbiotic bacteria present on the integument of leaf-cutt...

Fungi-caused diseases in sugarcane are the most predominant diseases which appear as spots on the leaves. If not treated on time, causes the severe loss. Excessive use of pesticide for plant diseases treatment increases the cost and environmental pollution so their use must be minimized. This can be achieved by targeting the diseases places, with the appropriate quantity and concentration of pe...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of tranexamic acid or mefenamic acid in the management of the initial "nuisance" bleeding or spotting in the period immediately after placement of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. METHODS Women were randomized after levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system placement to oral tranexamic acid (500 mg), mefenamic acid (500 mg), or placebo thre...

This study compares the chemical constituents of leaf essential oils from various geographical provenances of Cinnamomum osmophloeum and investigates their antifungal activities against six tree pathogenic fungi. According to GC-MS and cluster analyses, the leaf essential oils obtained from different geographical provenances and their relative contents were classified into six chemotypes: cinna...

Phyllosphere fungi harbor a tremendous species diversity and play important ecological roles. However, little is known about their distribution patterns within forest ecosystems. We examined how species diversity and community composition of phyllosphere fungi change along a vertical structure in a tropical forest in Thailand. Fungal communities in 144 leaf samples from 19 vertical layers (1.28...

Keyword spotting is a detection task consisting in discovering the presence of specific spoken words in unconstrained speech. The majority of keyword spotting systems are based on generative hidden Markov models and lack discriminative capabilities. However, discriminative keyword spotting systems are based on the estimation of a posteriori probabilities at the frame-level, hence they make use ...

Fungicides are either chemicals or biological agents that inhibit the growth of fungi or fungal spores. Modern fungicides do not kill fungi, they simply inhibit growth for a period of days or weeks. Fungi can cause serious damage in agriculture, resulting in critical losses of yield, quality and profit. Fungicides are used both in agriculture and to fight fungal infections in animals. Chemicals...

The purpose of this note is to communicate the diversity of endophytic fungi isolated from living leaves of Halodule wrightii and Thalassia testudinum, two ubiqui­ tous seagrasses in the north­central Gulf of Mexico. Fungi were isolated from surface­sterilized leaf fragments of the two plants that had been inoculated onto seawater malt extract agar. Leaves of T. testudinum harbored slightly mor...

This study describes the biological activity of the dried leaves, stem and rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. The dried powders of the plant were extracted with organic solventsmethanol and pet ether sequentially by the maceration process. The crude extract of methanol and pet ether were then investigated for analgesic and antimicrobial activity. At an oral dose...