—Precise estimates of past temperatures are critical for understanding the evolution of organisms and the physical biosphere, and data from continental areas are an indispensable complement to the marine record of stable isotopes. Climate is considered to be a primary selective force on leaf morphology, and two widely used methods exist for estimating past mean annual temperatures from assembla...

Leaf senescence, the final stage of leaf development, is a complex and highly regulated process that involves a series of coordinated actions at the cellular, tissue, organ, and organism levels under the control of a highly regulated genetic program. In the last decade, the use of mutants with different levels of leaf senescence phenotypes has led to the cloning and functional characterizations...

Appropriate leaf rolling enhances erect-leaf habits and photosynthetic efficiency, which consequently improves grain yield. Here, we reported the novel lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) gene OsLBD3-7, which is involved in the regulation of leaf rolling. OsLBD3-7 works as a transcription activator and its protein is located on the plasma membrane and in the nucleus. Overexpression of OsLBD3-...

Leaf width is an important component of plant architecture that affects light capture during photosynthesis and wind circulation under dense planting conditions. To improve understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved in leaf width at different positions, a comprehensive evaluation using the RIL (Recombinant Inbred Line) and IF2 (Immortalized F2) populations and a subsequent meta-analysis w...

Species of Phyllosticta are important group of pathogenic and endophytic fungi that are reported from various crop plants, ornamental and non-fruiting plants. These fungi cause several diseases such as leaf and fruit spots and fruit rot. In order to identify Phyllosticta species in Guilan province, several collections were examined around the region. Altogether 14 taxa were isolated from differ...

A single plant produces several different types of leaves or leaf-like organs during its life span. This phenomenon, which is termed heteroblasty, is an invariant feature of shoot development but is also regulated by environmental factors that affect the physiology of the plant. Invariant patterns of heteroblastic development reflect global changes in the developmental status of the shoot, such...

Leaves show a wide range of shapes that results from the combinatory variations of two main parameters: the relative duration of the morphogenetic phase and the pattern of dissection of the leaf margin. To further understand the mechanisms controlling leaf shape, we have studied the interactions between several loci leading to increased dissection of the Arabidopsis leaf margins. Thus, we have ...

Background and objectives: Tapinanthus globifer is a semi-parasite plant that mostly grows on the branches of the host tree species of the genera Vitellaria, Kola, Citrus, Combretum, Acacia, and Terminalia. The leaf is known for its use in traditional medicine to treat inflammations, malaria, headaches, bacterial infections, ulcers and diabet...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS It is well known that plant aerial development is affected by light intensity in terms of the date of flowering, the length of stems and petioles, and the final individual leaf area. The aim of the work presented here was to analyse how shade-induced changes in leaf development occur on a dynamic basis from the whole rosette level to that of the cells. METHODS Care was tak...