Muography uses muons contained in the natural cosmic rays to determine density of rock volumes. The measurements consist counting emerging from target screening effect produced by rock. Since larger thickness, smaller number able cross, time resolution that can be achieved muography monitor changes is on order one or two weeks for kilometer-sized volcanoes. This limitation method reduced joinin...

Introduction: The very high temperatures that have been reported for lavas on Io [e.g., 1-4] have proven to be difficult to explain [5,6]. Specifically, the estimates of lava temperatures ≥1600 °C require that the interior of Io either (1) have an extremely unusual chemistry or (2) be almost completely molten. Neither of these possibilities fits within our current understanding of the evolution...

[1] Lunar sinuous rilles have long been interpreted as features that formed as the result of surficial lava flow, though the precise mechanism responsible for channel formation (constructed versus eroded origins) is still debated. In assessing the origin of Rima Prinz, a channel interpreted to have formed by erosion, two erosion regimes, mechanical and thermal, are considered. Measurements of c...

We present initial rock magnetic results for both lava flows and lapilli produced by the 2021 eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma (Canary Islands). Samples were taken during to minimize early alteration weathering rocks tephra. Standard procedures included progressive alternating field thermal demagnetization, hysteresis curves, thermomagnetic experiments, acquisition isothermal remanent magneti...

The three primary data sets for the Pioneer Venus orbiter radar experiment (topography, roughness, and reflectivity) contain important information about the geological and textural characteristics of the surface of Venus. We have subdivided the range of roughness and reflectivity values into three categories as follows: roughness, in degrees rms slope: relatively smooth (1ø-2.5ø), transitional ...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the clinical value of plain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (including magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, MRCP) and coronal liver acquisition with volume acceleration (LAVA) technique in the diagnosis and preoperative assessment of malignant low-level biliary obstruction. METHODS Forty-one patients with confirmed malignant low-level biliary obstruction were ex...

Regolith is a terrestrial term, also used for the Moon. It has been defined as " a general term for the layer or mantle of fragmental and unconsolidated rock material, whether residual or transported and of highly varied character, that nearly everywhere forms the surface of the land and overlies or covers bedrock. It includes rock debris of all kinds, [including] volcanic ash. .. " (Bates and ...

A lava channel identified on the wall of an Elysium Planitia impact crater is investigated to identify the dominant erosion mechanism, mechanical vs. thermal, acting during channel formation. Observations of channel morphology are used to supplement analytical models of lava channel formation in order to calculate the duration of channel formation, the velocity of the lava flowing through the c...

LINE-Alu-VNTR-Alu-like (LAVA) elements comprise a family of non-autonomous, composite, non-LTR retrotransposons specific to gibbons and may have played a role in the evolution of this lineage. A full-length LAVA element consists of portions of repeats found in most primate genomes: CT-rich, Alu-like, and VNTR regions from the SVA retrotransposon, and portions of the AluSz and L1ME5 elements. To...

The distinctive rift patterns observed on newly formed lava lakes are very likely a product of interaction between heat transfer (cooling of lava) and deformation of the solid crust in response to applied stresses. One common pattern consists of symmetric “zigzag” rifts separating spreading plates. Zigzags can be characterized by two measurable parameters: an amplitude A, and an angle θ between...