Edwardsiella ictaluri (E. ictaluri), a Gram-negative, intracellular, facultative bacterium, is the causative agent of enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), which is one of the most significant diseases of farmed channel catfish. Macrophages have a critical role in major defense mechanisms against bacterial infections by migrating to the site of infection, engulfing and killing pathogens, and pri...

Existing live-attenuated flavivirus vaccines (LAV) could be improved by reducing their potential to recombine with naturally circulating viruses in the field. Since the highly conserved cyclization sequences (CS) found in the termini of flavivirus genomes must be complementary to each other to support genome replication, we set out to identify paired mutant CS that could support the efficient r...

Recruitment maneuvers (RM), consisting of sustained inflations at high airway pressures, have been advocated as an adjunct to mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We studied the effect of baseline ventilatory strategy and RM on end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and oxygenation in 18 dogs, using three models of acute lung injury (ALI; n = 6 in each group): saline...

14 patients with hemophilia were studied for the distribution of T cell subsets, thM presence of antibody to lymphadenopathyassociated or human T lymnphotropic virus type III (LAV/ HTLV-III), and their responsiveness in autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions. In addition, mitogen and alloantigen responsiveness and Interleukln-2 production were investigated. Seven patients were found to have low ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS In liver cirrhosis/portal hypertension, collaterals as varices may bleed and are influenced by vasoresponsiveness. An angiotensin blockade ameliorates portal hypertension but the influence on collaterals is unknown. METHODS Portal hypertension and cirrhosis were induced by portal vein (PVL) and common bile duct ligation (BDL). Hemodynamics, real-time PCR of angiotensin II rece...

Forty cases of left atrioventricular valve (LAV) atresia without aortic stenosis or atresia were reviewed. Thirty-one had mitral atresia and nine had left tricuspid atresia. Eleven had associated pulmonary outflow tract obstruction. Twenty-two (55%) underwent cardiac catheterization and 12 had more than one study. Left atrial pressure was normal in seven infants younger than 2 weeks of age. Twe...

A vaccine that would protect young infants against measles could facilitate elimination efforts and decrease morbidity and mortality in developing countries. However, immaturity of the immune system is an important obstacle to the development of such a vaccine. In this study, DNA vaccines expressing the measles virus (MeV) hemagglutinin (H) protein or H and fusion (F) proteins, previously shown...