In a double-blind, randomized, controlled, prospective study, we have investigated the effects of vecuronium and laryngoscopy on the auditory evoked response (AER) of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in 40 ASA I and II patients under steady state anaesthesia. After stable anaesthesia had been achieved with 1.0 MAC of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen, patients were allocated randomly to rece...

Objective To elucidate the progression of angioedema of the head and neck with routine management and to assess the utility of serial physical exams and fiberoptic laryngoscopy in its management. Methods This study was a prospective observational research. From 2013 to 2014, a prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral center. Forty patient were approached, 7 refused...

BACKGROUND We carried out this study to compare the efficacy of oral gabapentin and clonidine premedication for controlling the pressor responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. METHODS In this double-blind clinical trial, ninety-six patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups according to the agents to be used before the induction of anaesthesia: Group P (n = 32) receive...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To describe a technique for tracheal intubation after failed direct laryngoscopy using a Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) to secure the airway and to establish ventilation, and as a conduit for fiberoptic intubation utilizing a pre-packaged, convenient, and commercially available wire-guided catheter exchange kit. DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING University hospital. M...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE The routine way to access the uncomplicated airway is via direct laryngoscopy. When this is not possible, there are a number of other techniques to help visualization such as the video laryngoscopy. These require a degree of mouth opening. With almost complete trismus, the clinician should resort to awake fibreoptic nasal intubation to secure the airway.

Ketamine (1 mg . kg-1) or thiopentone (4 mg . kg-1) was used to induce anaesthesia for Caesarean section in 62 normotensive patients. During induction of anaesthesia and before laryngoscopy, blood pressure did not change in either group (preinduction systolic blood pressure, 131 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure, 75 mmHg). When laryngoscopy and intubation were performed, mean blood pressures o...

The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is a simple, easy to use and safe method for airway control in children. Its insertion needs less anaesthetic, and haemodynamic responses and postoperative sequelae are less than with laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. This study was designed to determine the end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane where 50% (EC50) and 95% (EC95) of the attempts to secure the ...