Contents 1. Introduction 1.1. Dynamical water quality models 1.2. Types of dynamical water quality models 1.3. Levels of model complexity 1.4. Representation of spatial structure 2. Overview of water quality models for the catchment scale 3. Ecohydrological model SWIM – a short description 4. Selected SWIM applications in the Elbe basin 4.1. Case study basin and subbasins 4.2. Model calibration...

the aim of this research is to analyze the environmental principals which are used for land use planning of iranian communities in order to determine whether they are sufficient and efficient for conserving and improving the quality of urban environments or not. first, the environmental principals were extracted from municipal local plans (community plans) of the spatial planning systems of ira...

the aim of this study is to investigate underground water quality parameters in gorganrud river basin and their connection with aboveground conditions using gis and artificial neural networks. in order to prepare a land use map of the area, liss iii image of irs satellite of the year 2008 was used in a maximum likelihood classification. the results revealed that there was a significant correlat...

Despite broad interest in using payment for ecosystem services to promote changes in the use of natural capital, there are few expost assessments of impacts of payment for ecosystem services programs on ecosystem service provision, program cost, and changes in livelihoods resulting from program participation. In this paper, we evaluate the Paddy Land-to-Dry Land (PLDL) program in Beijing, China...

The integrity of the Blesbok Spruit catchment has been significantly compromised over the past decades, mainly due to the discharge of mining effluent and sewage. This research investigated the hydrological responses, in terms of water quality, in the event of land cover change within the catchment to make predictions on the future sustainability of the region’s water resources with the applica...

Land-use changes involve important economic and environmental effects with implications for international trade, global climate change, wildlife, and other policy issues. We use an econometric model to identify factors driving land-use change in the United States between 1982 and 1997. We quantify the effects of net returns to alternative land uses on private landowners’ decisions to allocate l...

Standard contract theory predicts that contractual terms between tenants and landlords should reflect the quantity and quality of factor inputs (labor and land), the degree of risk aversion of the parties, and various structural features of the labor market such as alternative wages, turnover rates, and search costs. We examine these theories in the light of data on the terms of contracts, as w...

We investigated the influence of riparian and whole watershed land use as a function of stream size on surface water chemistry and assessed regional variation in these relationships. Sixty-eight watersheds in four level III U.S. EPA ecoregions in eastern Kansas were selected as study sites. Riparian land cover and watershed land use were quantified for the entire watershed, and by Strahler orde...

sensitivity analysis might be considered as one of inevitable steps in modelling since it would help to determine the behaviour of model, which was developed for further application. sensitivity analysis was not paid much attention in studies that have been conducted for modelling the relationship between stream water quality and land cover except machine learning techniques such as artificial ...

Vegetated riparian zones adjacent to rivers and streams, can greatly mitigate nutrients, sediment from surface through deposition, absorption and denitrification, yet, human activities primarily land use practices have dramatically reduced the capacity. In this study, 42 sampling sites were selected in the riverine network throughout the upper Han River basin (approximately 95,200 km(2)) of Chi...