the effects of environmental factors on germination and emergence of hoary cress seeds were examined in laboratory and field experiments. germinability of hoary cress under light/dark conditions (90%) was significantly higher than when seeds were incubated under continuous dark (78%). hoary cress could germinate in a broad range of temperatures (15/6, 20/10, 25/15, 30/15, and 35/20?c). the germ...

A. Paredes1,∗, S. Weaver2, S. Watowich3,4, and W. Chiu1 1National Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A. 2Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, U.S.A. 3Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch,...

Mechanisms of long-distance dispersal are important in establishing and maintaining plant populations in isolated wetland habitats. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been cited as long-distance dispersers of both native and exotic plant species in North America; however, knowledge regarding their influence in wetlands is limited. Given traditional classification methods for seed d...

in a photonic crystal cavity Susanna M. Thon, Matthew T. Rakher, Hyochul Kim, Jan Gudat, William T. M. Irvine, Pierre M. Petroff, and Dirk Bouwmeester Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Materials, University of California Santa Barb...

We report on the installation of a long-term buried ocean-floor broadband seismic station (MOBB) in Monterey Bay, California (U.S.A.), 40 km off-shore, at a water depth of 1000 m. The station was installed in April 2002 using a ship and ROV, in a collaborative effort between the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) and the Berkeley Seismological Laboratory (BSL). The station is loca...

Echinoderms are prone to large population fluctuations that can be mediated by pervasive disease events. For the majority of echinoderm disease events the causative pathogen is unknown. Viruses have only recently been explored as potential pathogens using culture-independent techniques though little information currently exists on echinoderm viruses. In this study, ten circular ssDNA viruses we...

Vertical growth of young cress roots (Lepidium sativum L.) which have not yet attained their steady state is analyzed in terms of the relative elemental rate of elongation (RELEL). To this end, an empirical model function is suggested which describes, by means of six parameters, the movement of marker particles on the root surface. These parameters are interpreted as morphological and physiolog...