An electromagnetic flowmeter system that has an accuracy of 0.1% and is insensitive to fluid conductivity was used to study the sensitivity to steady flow of a 6-mm cannular transducer. All measurements were carried out at 37°C. Sensitivity decreased with increasing hematocrit value whether flow was laminar or otherwise. With laminar flow and a given hematocrit value, the sensitivity also decre...

In the 21 st Century, reducing the environmental impact of aviation will become an increasingly important priority for the aircraft designer. Among the various environmental impacts, emission of CO2 can be expected to emerge as the most important in the long term and reducing fuel burn to become the overriding environmental priority. Increasing fuel costs and the world’s limited oil reserves wi...

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are carried out to investigate the effect of effu-sion cooling by blowing through spanwise slits and discrete holes in a laminar flat-plate boundary layer at various Mach numbers. The comparison with experimental data for a Mach-2.67 boundary layer with a cool wall and a spanwise slit shows good agreement. For an adiabatic Mach-6 boundary layer, the focus of t...

The computation of boundary layer properties and laminar-to-turbulent transition location is a very complex problem, generally not undertaken in the context of aircraft design. Yet if an aircraft is to exploit the advantages of laminar flow and proper trade-offs between inviscid drag, structural weight, and skin friction are to be made, this is just what must be done. This paper summarizes a de...

We consider the laminar flow of a vortex crystal in the Corbino disk geometry. Laminar flow can be induced by thermal fluctuations melting the crystal, but also by shear stress after applying a large current at zero temperature. While the velocity profile is the same in the two cases, the underlying vortex structure is completely different. A vortex crystal in this geometry can flow in a lamina...

Motion of uid elements can be described by the Navier-Stokes equations. They arise from use Law motion to a uid. In this investigation, two dimensional have been engaged. Then they are applied an incompressible viscous movement down inclined plane with net ow. These leads examining effects velocity at various angles inclination and finding boundary layer thickness. Viscous laminar fluid ow also...