BACKGROUND The lever sign test is a new physical examination tool to diagnose anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. Preliminary results suggest almost 100% sensitivity and specificity to diagnose acute and chronic complete ACL tears and clinically significant partial tears as compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PURPOSE To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the lever sign ...

Abstract Aim Quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft has recently become the popular choice of in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and slowly replacing hamstring (HT) autograft. QT traditionally served as alternative HT autograft, but recent studies revealed that autografts are not inferior to autografts. The purpose this study was provide an in-depth review clinical functional outcome...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome and postoperative complication between single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with an anteromedial (AM) technique and a transtibial (TT) technique. METHODS The study includes clinical randomized controlled trials comparing the clinical outcomes of ACL reconstruction using the autologous hamstring tendo...

In Reply Dr. Ortiz and Dr. Romero-Quezada evaluated our study precisely and authors are grateful for their great survey on our article. There were some questions and concerns that we are going to answer. We wish it could help others to come up with better ideas and conclusions. 1. ACL tear may occur in two scenarios and we believe that there is not a third one: 1st- the ACL injury functionally ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the mid-term outcome of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the medial third of the patellar tendon as the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) graft. METHODS 79 men (34 right knees and 45 left knees) aged 20 to 52 (mean, 28) years underwent ACL reconstruction using the medial third of the patellar tendon with bone plugs and were followed up for a minimum of ...

BACKGROUND This article describes an arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique with a quadriceps tendon autograft using an anteromedial portal technique. METHODS A 5 cm quadriceps tendon graft is harvested with an adjacent 2 cm bone block. The femoral tunnel is created through a low anteromedial portal in its anatomical position. The tibial tunnel is created with ...

INTRODUCTION: The recent surge of interest in double bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction techniques has arisen from the biomechanical theory that the technique allows better postoperative tolerance of complex knee activity because it recreates both a posterolateral and anteromedial bundle of the ACL while traditional transtibial single bundle techniques recreate only the anteromedi...

The Code Provisions V through IX focus on a variety of responsibilities for the professional nurse. Provision V spotlights nurses' obligation to the same values and actions for themselves as are espoused in The Code for their patients. Provision VI addresses the responsibility of all nurses to maintain quality patient care, regardless of their roles in the health care system. Meeting profession...

Introduction: the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) along with posterior are central stabilizers of knee. Rupture ACL usually occurs in active and young people. For a correct diagnosis it is necessary good clinical history, examination complementary study. The literature recommends surgical treatment athletes Objective: to detail current information related injury, embryology, anatomy, biomechan...