This research has focused on the birthing experience of first-time mothers who received the narcotic analgesic combination of Pethidine and Hydroxyzine during the first stage of labour. A qualitative research methodology was used to collect data. Unstructured interviews were held with first-time mothers to obtain accounts of their experience of childbirth. These narrations were audio-taped whil...

All over the world every day women are giving birth to their children. The cultural differences are enormous. The present study tries to make a bibliographic review of the studies that discuss the extent to which attitudes to pain and pain relief ultimately affect women’s health. The research question focused on whether culture influences can be oppressive for the attitudes of women and health ...

BACKGROUND Immersion in water during labour is an important non-pharmacological method to manage labour pain, particularly in midwifery-led care settings where pharmacological methods are limited. This study investigates the association between immersion for pain relief and transfer before birth and other maternal outcomes. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 16,577 low risk nulliparous wom...

BACKGROUND The commonest opioid used for pain relief in labour is pethidine (meperidine); however, its effectiveness has long been challenged and the drug has known side effects including maternal sedation, nausea and potential transfer across the placenta to the foetus. Over a third of women receiving pethidine require an epidural due to inadequate pain relief. Epidural analgesia increases the...

on 14th January, 1938. He was overhauled and classified III-L. (Health of convicts is classified as I-H, first class, fit for hard labour, II-M, second class, fit for medium labour, and III-L> third class, fit for only light labour.) His condition was as follows:? Previous history.?He had had four attacks of fever attended with shivering and pain all over the bodyThese attacks lasted two or thr...

BACKGROUND In a previous randomised controlled trial we showed that acupuncture with a combination of manual- and electrical stimulation (EA) did not affect the level of pain, as compared with acupuncture with manual stimulation (MA) and standard care (SC), but reduced the need for other forms of pain relief, including epidural analgesia. To dismiss an under-treatment of pain in the trial, we d...

Neuraxial techniques of anaesthesia and analgesia are the current choice in obstetrics for efficacy and general low risk of major complications. Concern exists about neuraxial anaesthesia in patients with occult neural tube defects, regarding both labour analgesia and anaesthesia for Caesarean section. Recently, remifentanil infusion has been proposed as an analgesic technique alternative to lu...