This study calculated the net benefit of using active management of the third stage of labour (AMTSL) rather than expectant management of the third stage of labour (EMTSL) for mothers in Guatemala and Zambia. Probabilities of events were derived from opinions of experts, publicly available data, and published literature. Costs of clinical events were calculated based on national price lists, ob...

The current crisis takes place within a long downturn. Forty years after publication of the Meadows report, new debates on the future of growth are emerging. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the general discussion on the prospects for economic growth in rich countries by stressing the relevance of some theoretical insights made by classical economists about the end of economic expansio...

Most people accept that structural and labour market reforms are needed in Europe. However few have been undertaken. The usual conjecture is that reforms are costly in economic performance and costly to finance. Blanchard and Giavazzi (2003) and Spector (2004) develop a general equilibrium model with imperfect competition to show the impact of labour or product market deregulation. We extend th...

Chronic diseases have an increasingly negative impact on (1) population health by increasing morbidity and mortality, (2) society by increasing health inequalities and burden to informal caregivers, and (3) economy by requiring enormous financial resources and jeopardising macro-economic development (e.g. consumption, capital accumulation, labour productivity and labour supply). Integrated care...

This paper presents a heuristic approach to optimize staffing and scheduling at an aircraft maintenance company. The goal is to build robust aircraft maintenance personnel rosters that can achieve a certain service level while minimizing the total labour costs. Robust personnel rosters are rosters that can handle delays associated with stochastic flight arrival times. To deal with this stochast...

BACKGROUND Diabetes is becoming of increasing concern in Spain due to rising incidence and prevalence, although little information is known with regards to costs and outcomes. The information on cost of diabetes in Spain is fragmented and outdated. Our objective is to update diabetes costs, and to identify outcomes and quality of care of diabetes in Spain. METHODS We performed systematic sear...

in very recent papers asmild et al. (2003) and halved et al. (2004) based upon potential improvement efficiency index (bogetoft and hougaard,1999) have suggested an alternative nonparametric frontier approach namely multi-directional inefficiency analysis (mea) to estimate the performance efficiency. mea has many advantages over data envelopment analysis (dea) as the standard nonparametric fron...