Background Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the exocrine glands and severe symptoms eye mouth dryness. Disorders in saliva secretion process have been associated with oxidative endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress combination inflammatory responses. The integrated response (ISR) mechanism that allows cells to modify their gene expression prog...

OBJECTIVE Interferon-inducible protein-16 (IFI16) is an intracellular DNA receptor involved in innate immunity. We evaluated the frequency, phenotypic characteristics, and clinical associations of anti-IFI16 antibodies in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and quantitated expression levels of IFI16 in SS and control salivary gland lysates. METHODS Anti-IFI16 antibodies were assaye...

Aquaporin (AQP) water channels are expressed in a variety of fluid-transporting epithelia and are likely to play a significant role in salivary secretion. Our aim was to identify and localize the aquaporins expressed in human salivary glands. Total RNA was extracted from human parotid, submandibular, sublingual, and labial glands and from human brain. Expression of aquaporin mRNA was assessed b...

Background Salivary gland involvement is a hallmark of disease in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). This reflected by the prominent role positive biopsy within ACR-EULAR classification criteria, which solely based on focus score (FS) 1 . In pSS all salivary glands might be involved process. For this reason, both labial and parotid biopsies can used for diagnosis evaluation. Although nearly clin...

Abstract The existence of abnormal cytokine profile in Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) may contribute to find potential SS biomarkers and accompanying comorbidities. We aimed investigate compare gene expressions the labial salivary glands healthy subjects (HS) by means microarray analysis. study group comprised 8 patients HS relative expression changes were validated with real time quantitative polymer...

The aim of this study was to investigate the initiation and progression of autoimmune damage in the lesions of labial salivary glands (LSGs) from primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients by examining the selective localization of T helper (Th) subsets such as Th1, Th2, Th17 regulatory T cells (T(regs)) and follicular T helper cells (Tfh). The expression of cytokines and transcription factors as...