We use hydrodynamical N -body simulations to study the kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect. We construct sets of maps, one square degree in size, in three different cosmological models. We confirm earlier calculations that on the scales studied the kinetic effect is much smaller than the thermal (except close to the thermal null point), with an rms dispersion smaller by about a factor five in the...

The principal effects of mass degradation on polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are the decay of mechanical properties such as strength, elongation, and resilience. This degradation is a common problem of the PMCs under thermal cycling conditions. In this article, composite degradation was investigated by measurement of total mass loss (TML) using the Taguchi approach. Thermal cycling tests were ...

continuous exposure to high-energy ultrasonic waves depolymerises macromolecules in solutions and produces a permanent reduction in viscosity. different factors affect the efficiency of this ultrasonic depolymerisation. in this work ultrasonic degradation of one commercially important hydrogel based on acrylic acid and acrylamide was carried out in aqueous solution at room temperature (25oc). a...

In this work, the role of comonomer content of 1-hexene-medium density polyethylene (MDPE) copolymer, synthesized using Phillips catalyst, on thermal behavior parameters such as: crystallization, melting temperature and thermal degradation was investigated in detail. The copolymer was fractionated to homogenous short-chain branching (SCB) fractions by "preparative temperature rising elution fra...

In this article, we investigate the thermal degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). We find that under dry conditions, complete DNA degradation occurs at above 190°C. In addition, as the boiling temperature of water is pressure dependent, we have investigated the thermal degradation of the DNA in water for different applied partial pressures. This information is important for fundamental un...

The thermal degradation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been studied in both pure nitrogen and oxygen-containing atmospheres. The presence of oxygen increases the initial decomposition temperature by 70 °C. The stabilizing effect of oxygen may be explained by forming thermally stable radical species that suppress unzipping of the polymer. This assumption is supported by the experimental...

A structure-based kinetic model was developed to predict the thermomechanical response of collagenous soft tissues. The collagen fibril was represented as an ensemble of molecular arrays with cross-links connecting the collagen molecules within the same array. A two-state kinetic model for protein folding was employed to represent the native and the denatured states of the collagen molecule. Th...

Carbon materials were obtained by pyrolysis of the sawdust of Algarroba wood under CO2 or N2 atmospheres at temperatures from 200oC up to 900oC. Carbon materials were characterized by surface and micropore areas, volume pore and mean pore diameter. An approach of the kinetic parameters (apparent constant-rates and activation energies) associated with the synthesis of these carbon materials is a...

Polyester (P), cotton (C) and Polyester-Cotton (PC) blended fabrics were treated with 350gpl of phosphorous containing flame retardant (FR) chemical. Oxidative thermal degradation of these fabrics before and after the treatment was studied using Thermogravimerty (TG) Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). From TG output, quantitative mass loss of samples was calculated at definite temperature int...

In the present study, the kinetics of thermal degradation of a phenolic and lignin reinforced phenolic foams, and the lignin used as reinforcement were studied and the activation energies of their degradation processes were obtained by a DAEM model. The average values for five heating rates of the mean activation energies obtained were: 99.1, 128.2, and 144.0 kJ.mol for the phenolic foam; 109.5...