Proverbs as a part of colloquial literature are always nourished by religion, culture, traditions, and philosophical beliefs of a community, and thus they mirror the common beliefs of a people. The frequent repletion of a proverb pregnant with a specific thought makes that type of thought a behavioral pattern and affects the actions and behaviors of the people of a society. In the Iranian socie...

The article proposes a heuristic analysis of the spiritual and philosophical formation José Martí, focusing on qualitative specificity his religiosity its critical reflexivity in response to epochal problems. Using logical, dialectical, historical-philosophical methodology, examines processes semantic inversion, semiotic complementarity, sigmoidal interactions philosophical-religious concepts s...

Based on expert estimates, 17% of corrupt practices are committed in this area, and the authors identify leading causes corruption educational sphere. The objective is non-recognition teachers lecturers as subjects criminal offenses, low level labor expense, inventory, logistics management discrepancy institutions different groups with modern methods. Subjective reasons include mutual “benefit”...