Many studies have shown that TLR4- and TLR2-deficient mice are protected from high-fat diet-induced inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting that saturated fatty acids derived from the high-fat diet activate TLR-mediated proinflammatory signaling pathways and induce insulin resistance. However, evidence that palmitic acid, the major dietary saturated fatty acid, can directly activate TLR...

A higher content of C16:1 n-10 has recently been reported in the preputial gland of mice with a targeted disruption of the gene encoding stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1 / mice) when compared with wild-type mice. This result has provided the first physiological evidence for the presence and regulation of a palmitoyl-CoA 6-desaturase in mammals. To investigate the putative involvement of the know...

We have demonstrated previously that there is an abnormal expression of sphingomyelin (SM) deacylase in the epidermis of patients with atopic dermatitis (ADe). In the present study, we have prepared N-[palmitic acid-1-(14)C]SM and N-[palmitic acid-1-(14)C]glucosylceramide (GCer) to use as substrates and have quantified SM deacylase activity by detecting the release of [(14)C]palmitic acid in ex...

15 Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is essential for oocyte maturation in mice. The objective of this 16 experiment was to determine the effect of etomoxir (a FAO inhibitor; 100 μM), carnitine (1 17 mM), and palmitic acid (1 or 100 μM) during maturation on metabolism and gene expression of 18 the oocyte and cumulus cells, and subsequent embryo development in the mouse. Carnitine 19 significantly incr...

Fatty acid esterification is increasingly realized as a reactive distillation (RD) process because of its formation being affected by the chemical equilibrium. The reactive distillation column performance for the production of isopropyl palmitate by esterification of the palmitic acid with isopropanol has been studied in the present research. The reaction was catalyzed in the presence of zinc a...

The principal lung phospholipids were studied following pulse labeling of rabbit lung in vivo with the phospholipid precursors [3H]glycerol and [14C]palmitic acid. Alveolar wash, microsome, and lamellar body fractions subsequently were isolated. The phospholipids and the fatty acid compositions of each phospholipid in each lung fraction were quantified. The appearance of labeled phosphatidylcho...

Gastrointestinal tolerance and fat and calcium (Ca) absorption are different between breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants. Certain components and/or structural particularities in human milk (HM), can contribute to favorable outcomes in BF infants. In HM, the long-chain saturated fatty acid (LCSFA) palmitic acid has a different stereospecific distribution (sn-2 position) compared to most...