AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma is a malignancy thought to arise from endothelial cells. It is the commonest malignancy seen in HIV infected patients. In the USA, it was the initial presentation in 15% of homosexual men. In Africa, it is common in heterosexual adults. Compared to other regions, it is reported to be higher in East Africa. Positivity to human herpes virus 8(HHV8) is known to predate ...

Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is an inflammatory-mediated neoplasm primarily caused by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Kaposi sarcoma lesions are characterized, in part, by the presence of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors thought to regulate KSHV replication and CKS pathogenesis. Using genomic DNA extracted from 133 CKS cases and 172 KSHV-latent nuclear antigen-positive...

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence from studies in humans. This conclusion is based on evidence from epidemiological and molecular studies, which show that KSHV causes Kaposi sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and a plasmablastic variant of multicentric Castleman disease, and on supporting mechanistic data. KSHV causes ca...

1. Cozen W, Bernstein L, Wang F, Press MF, Mack TM. The risk of angiosarcoma following primary breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1999;81:532--6. 2. Stewart FW, Treves N. Lymphangiosarcoma in postmastectomy lymphedema: a report of six cases in elephantiasis chirurgica. Cancer. 1948;1:64--81. 3. Tomita K, Yokogawa A, Oda Y, Terahata S. Lymphangiosarcoma in postmastectomy lymphedema (Stewart-Treves synd...

First detected by Chang et al. (1994) in Kaposi sarcomas associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (see IARC, 1996) by representational difference analysis, this virus was termed Kaposi-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, KSHV. KSHV is also associated with primary effusion lymphoma and some cases of multicentric Castleman disease (see Section 2). In keeping with the systematic ...

First detected by Chang et al. (1994) in Kaposi sarcomas associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (see IARC, 1996) by representational difference analysis, this virus was termed Kaposi-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, KSHV. KSHV is also associated with primary effusion lymphoma and some cases of multicentric Castleman disease (see Section 2). In keeping with the systematic ...

Recent reports link Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection of bone marrow cells to bone marrow failure and lymphoproliferative syndromes. The identity of the infected marrow cells, however, remains unclear. Other work has demonstrated that circulating mononuclear cells can harbor KSHV where its detection predicts the onset and severity of Kaposi sarcoma. In either setting, bone ...

MicroRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as key regulators of cell lineage differentiation and cancer. We used precursor miRNA profiling by a novel real-time QPCR method (i) to define progressive stages of endothelial cell transformation cumulating in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and (ii) to identify specific miRNAs that serve as biomarkers for tumor progression. We were able to compare primary patient biopsies t...

The antitumor potency of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (sirolimus) is the subject of intense investigations. Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) appears as an AIDS-defining lymphoma and like Kaposi sarcoma has been linked to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). We find that (1) rapamycin is efficacious against PEL in culture and in a murine xenograft model; (2) mTOR, its activator Akt, and ...

In April 2009, The Lancet Oncology published the findings of a working group (36 scientists from 16 countries) that met in February 2009 at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Lyon, France) to reassess the carcinogenicity of the biological agents classified as “carcinogenic to humans” (group 1) [1]. With regard to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a clear link has been ...