The blackbody infrared radiation induced dissociation of methyl benzoate (C8H8O2(+*)) radical cation was investigated by using a Fourier transfer ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer equipped with a resistively heated (wire temperatures of 400-1070 K) wire ion guide. We observed product ion branching ratios that are strongly dependent upon wire temperature. At low temperatures (670-890 K) ...

Although Caenorhabditis elegans is commonly used as a model organism for studies of cell biology, development and physiology, the small size of the worm has impeded measurements of ion transport by the excretory cell and hypodermis. Here, we use the scanning ion-selective microelectrode technique to measure efflux and influx of K(+), H(+), Na(+) and Ca(2+) in intact worms. Transport of ions int...

Multinuclear NMR study has demonstrated that G-quadruplex adopted by d(G3T4G4) exhibits two cation binding sites between three of its G-quartets. Titration of tighter binding K+ ions into the solution of d(G3T4G4)2 folded in the presence of 15NH4+ ions uncovered a mixed mono-K+-mono-15NH4+ form that represents intermediate in the conversion of di-15NH4+ into di-K+ form. Analogously, 15NH4+ ions...

A few membrane vesicle trafficking (SNARE) proteins in plants are associated with signaling and transmembrane ion transport, including control of plasma membrane ion channels. Vesicle traffic contributes to the population of ion channels at the plasma membrane. Nonetheless, it is unclear whether these SNAREs also interact directly to affect channel gating and, if so, what functional impact this...

The Na(+) and K(+) content of non-metabolizing yeast cells was determined before and after monochromatic ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. UV facilitated the uptake of Na(+) into and the loss of K(+) from the cells (net ion flux); the effect is greatest for the shortest wavelength employed (239 mmicro) and is partly dependent upon the presence of oxygen. The UV effect on net ion flux persists for a...

In recent years, many groups of clinical scientists have become interested in measuring transmembrane ion fluxes of various kinds in patients with different diseases. The ion fluxes of interest have included the ouabainsensitive Na+/K+ pump, the loop-diuretic-sensitive Na+/ K+ co-transport system, the phloretin-sensitive Na+/Na+ (or Na+/Li+ ) countertransport system, and the amiloridesensitive ...

Temperature dependent He-irradiation-induced ion-beam mixing between amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) and crystalline Fe was examined with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and via Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). The Fe marker layer (7.2 ± 0.8 nm) was placed in between two amorphous SiOC layers (200 nm). The amount of ion-beam mixing after 298, 473, 673, 873, and 1073 K ...

An ion beam propagating through a magnetized plasma cylinder containing electrons, light positive potassium ions K+ , and heavy positive cesium ions Cs+ drives electrostatic ion cyclotron EIC waves to instability via Cerenkov interaction. Two EIC wave modes are present, the K+ and Cs+ modes. The unstable wave frequencies and the growth rate of both the light positive ion and heavy positive ion ...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with higher energy density are very necessary to meet the increasing demand for devices with better performance. With the commercial success of lithiated graphite, other graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) have also been intensively reported, not only for LIBs, but also for other metal (Na, K, Al) ion batteries. In this Progress Report, we briefly review the app...

Brain capillary endothelial cells play an important role in ion homeostasis of the brain through the transendothelial transport of Na and K. Since little is known about the regulation of ion transport in these cells, we determined the effect of extracellular potassium concentration ([K]o) on the kinetics of the Na,K-pump in isolated cerebral microvessels using both K uptake and Na efflux as mea...