No matter what the profession, any charge that a fellow professional is guilty of malpractice is a prima facie invitation to other professionals to retreat to a guild mentality, denying that the infraction took place. The impetus to cover up is not primarily due to friendship toward the accused but rather to a general perception that disclosure would lead to public disrespect of the profession ...

Constitutional theorists usually assume that minority-protective judicial review leads to outcomes more favorable to the protected minority and less favorable to the majority. Our analysis highlights an indirect effect of judicial review that complicates this conventional wisdom. Without judicial review, pro-majority and pro-minority leaders adopt different policies. Because judicial review lim...

When contemporary commentators decry what they describe as growing threats to “judicial independence,” they typically invoke “judicial independence” as a normative ideal—an institutional virtue. That virtue is the capacity of courts to protect individual rights, to police structural limits on governmental power, and to decide individual disputes based solely on the applicable law and the factua...

In 1988, the Minnesota Supreme Court ruled that premedication judicial review was required to force antipsychotic medications on incompetent committed patients in Minnesota. Before this decision all patients refusing antipsychotic medications at state hospitals were reviewed by an internal multidisciplinary peer review organization called the Treatment Review Panel (TRP). The author examined th...

nowadays, right to environment, during constitutions, court decisions and administrative procedures, in internal public law have been identified and secured. the recognition of this right in public law is dependent on normative evolutions. with the promotion of the tight to environment in constitutional norms, we can speak about the real impact of the constitutionalization in contemporary publi...

The Nigerian judicial process is unacceptably slow and expensive. We established that efforts so far taken to expedite the judicial process which include front loading processes and opening up of more courts are more tactical than strategic. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has the strategic capability to expedite the judicial process when properly introduced and effectively manag...

This paper describes how “Computer supported cooperative work”, coped with security technologies and advanced knowledge management techniques, can support the penal judicial activities, in particular national and trans-national investigations phases when different judicial system have to cooperate together. Increase of illegal immigration, trafficking of drugs, weapons and human beings, and the...

This paper studies the impact of judicial reform in Mexico. It does so using a survey about crime victimization and perceptions of insecurity (Encuesta Nacional Sobre la Inseguridad, ENSI) from 2005, 2008, and 2009 in eleven Mexican cities, three of which implemented the reform in 2007 and 2008. It shows judicial reform reduces victimization but also lowers perceptions of security. These result...

The effective public security depends on the efficiency of the judicial process and procedure. Approaching to the supply chain management domain, the judicial procedures can be viewed as the complete stream sections. The legal agencies have also to deal with the information flow which need for integrating, interchanging and inter-cooperation among them. Anyway, the study in the intelligent syst...