The objective of this study was to determine morphological characteristics and measurements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc in human fetuses between 16 and 20 weeks of intrauterine life, and correlate it with oral-facial neuro-muscular maturing. Scanner images were used to record the length of the disc (D) and the thickness of its anterior middle and posterior bands in TMJ anteroposte...

Recent research findings are incorporated in this review of the functional anatomy of the shoulder complex. The scapulothoracic mechanism is described, including a review of scapular motion and the structure and function of the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints. New information regarding the resting position of the scapula on the thorax and the effect of aging and spinal posture on ...

The distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) is a complex articulation allowing significant rotational and translational motion. Stability of the DRUJ depends on bony contact, intrinsic stabilizers of the triangular fibrocartilage complex, and extrinsic stabilizers of the distal forearm. Understanding the anatomy of this articulation is paramount in clinical decision making for the treatment of disorders...

Because of its inherent superior soft tissue contrast and lack of ionizing radiation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly suited to study the complex anatomy of the shoulder joint, particularly when assessing the relatively high incidence of shoulder injuries in young, athletic patients. This review aims to serve as a primer for understanding shoulder MRI in an algorithmical approach, in...

Skier's thumb is a partial or complete rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. It is an often-encountered injury and can lead to chronic pain and instability when diagnosed incorrectly. Knowledge of the anatomy and accurate physical examination are essential in the evaluation of a patient with skier's thumb. This article provides a review of the r...

The anatomy of the peroneus longus and tibialis posterior tendons is well described in literature from both anatomy and radiology. Though a slip connecting these two structures is described in the anatomic literature, its existence has not been confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study in a cadaver, such a connection is documented using high-resolution MRI ...

Fourteen temporomandibular joints in seven dry skulls, representing the distribution of horizontal and vertical condylar axis inclinations of a larger population, were imaged with three tomographic projection techniques. Closest anterior and posterior joint spaces were measured on radiographs, and sectioned plaster casts were made from impressions of actual joint space, Individualized horizonta...

we present a methodology for anatomical modeling, motion tracking and skin movement quantification of the hip joint using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. First, we capture the subject’s anatomy with a static protocol and reconstruct the three-dimensional models of the hip joint. Then reflective markers are attached to the subject’s limb and a dynamic protocol is used to track their trajectories. It...

Address for Correspondence: Dr. M.S.Rajeshwari, Professor of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. E-Mail: [email protected] Background: Lateral pterygoid muscle plays an important role in the mandibular movements and dynamics of temporomandibualr joint. Anterior displacement of the disc and temporomandibular dysfu...

The optimal treatment for intra-articular calcaneus fractures remains controversial, despite internal fixation techniques providing good results. The major point of contention is the need to reconstruct the overall morphology versus to restore the anatomy of the subtalar joint perfectly. We will describe a two-stage technique for treating intra-articular calcaneus fractures in which the primary...