This article sheds light upon an important but neglected context in which Thomas Barlow (1608/9–1691) and his contemporaries discussed the readmission of Jews 1655–56. Previous studies have shown how English perception evolved, few noticed that saw controversy as part a larger debate on limit civil magistrate’s power religious toleration. By recovering specific political 1655–56, idea natural l...

Bruno Bauer replies to them: No one in Germany is politically emancipated. We ourselves are not free. How are we to free you? You Jews are egoists if you demand a special emancipation for yourselves as Jews. As Germans, you ought to work for the political emancipation of Germany, and as human beings, for the emancipation of mankind, and you should feel the particular kind of your oppression and...

Both the extent and location of the maternal ancestral deme from which the Ashkenazi Jewry arose remain obscure. Here, using complete sequences of the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), we show that close to one-half of Ashkenazi Jews, estimated at 8,000,000 people, can be traced back to only 4 women carrying distinct mtDNAs that are virtually absent in other populations, with the ...

By Y. MATOTH, Z. SHAMIR AND E. FREUNDLICH C OOLEY’S ANEMIA has beell reported to occur in members of a wide variety of non-Mediterranean races and ethnic groups.’6 Most of these reports describe sporadic cases. In southern Italians and Greeks, on the other hand, this cotidition is w-idely distributed. These peoples, together with a few smaller and probably genetically related ethnic groups of t...