Abstract By modifying constructions of Bĕıdar and Small we prove that for countably generated prime F -algebras of finite GK dimension there exists an affinization having finite GK dimension. Using this result we show: for any field there exists a prime affine algebra of GK dimension two that is neither primitive nor PI; for any countable field F there exists a prime affine F -algebra of GK dim...

We show that the existence of a nontrivial proper ideal in a commutative ring with identity which is not a eld is equivalent to WKL0 over RCA0, and that the existence of a nontrivial proper nitely generated ideal in a commutative ring with identity which is not a eld is equivalent to ACA0 over RCA0. We also prove that there are computable commutative rings with identity where the nilradical is ...

Let R be a ring with Jacobson radical J and with center C. Let P be the set of potent elements x for which xk = x for some integer k > 1. Let N be the set of nilpotents. A ring R is called subperiodic if R \ (J ∪ C) ⊆ N + P . We consider the commutativity behavior of a subperiodic ring with some constraint involving extended commutators. Mathematics Subject Classification: 16U80, 16D70

The basic properties of multiplication algebras of nonassociative algebras over rings are introduced, including a discussion of multiplication algebras of tensor products of algebras. A characterization of semisimple artinian multiplication algebras is given along with a discussion of the nature of the simple factors of a multiplication algebra modulo its Jacobson radical. A criterion distingui...

Jacobson introduced the concept of K-rings, continuing the investigation of Kaplansky and Herstein into the commutativity of rings. In this note we focus on the ring-theoretic properties of K-rings. We first construct basic examples of K-rings to be handled easily. It is shown that a semiprime K-ring of bounded index of nilpotency is a commutative domain. It is proved that if R is a prime K-rin...

We generalize the notion of Jacobson graphs into $n$-array columns called $n$-array Jacobson graphs and determine their connectivities and diameters. Also, we will study forbidden structures of these graphs and determine when an $n$-array Jacobson graph is planar, outer planar, projective, perfect or domination perfect.

The main goal of this paper is to investigate the structure of Hopf algebras with the property that either its Jacobson radical is a Hopf ideal or its coradical is a subalgebra. In order to do that we define the Hochschild cohomology of an algebra in an abelian monoidal category. Then we characterize those algebras which have dimension less than or equal to 1 with respect to Hochschild cohomolo...

Can there be a structure space-type theory for an arbitrary class of ideals ring? The ideal spaces introduced in this paper allows such study and our includes (but not restricted to) prime, maximal, minimal strongly irreducible, completely proper, minimal, primary, nil, nilpotent, regular, radical, principal, finitely generated ideals. We characterise that are sober. introduce the notion discon...

The class of finitely presented algebras A over a field K with a set of generators x1, . . . , xn and defined by homogeneous relations of the form xi1xi2 · · · xil = xσ(i1)xσ(i2) · · · xσ(il), where l ≥ 2 is a given integer and σ runs through a subgroup H of Symn, is considered. It is shown that the underlying monoid Sn,l(H) = 〈x1, x2, . . . , xn | xi1xi2 · · · xil = xσ(i1)xσ(i2) · · · xσ(il), ...

An element x of the ring R is called periodic if there exist distinct positive integers m, n such that xm = xn; and x is potent if there exists n > 1 for which xn = x. We denote the set of potent elements by P or P(R), the set of nilpotent elements by N or N(R), the center by Z or Z(R), and the Jacobson radical by J or J(R). The ring R is called periodic if each of its elements is periodic, and...