The Indian and Pakistani banking industry is said to have an excessive use of labour due to the significant market share of government owned banks. Both countries have undertaken a process of regulatory reform to bring about market discipline in the usage of inputs and to increase the labour use efficiency and productivity. The focus of this paper is the estimation of productivity and efficienc...

An Empirical Model of Growth Through Product Innovation Productivity dispersion across firms is large and persistent, and worker reallocation among firms is an important source of productivity growth. The purpose of the paper is to estimate the structure of an equilibrium model of growth through innovation that explains these facts. The model is a modified version of the Schumpeterian theory of...

Labor Market Assimilation and the Self-Employment Decision of Immigrant Entrepreneurs This paper uses data from the 1980 and 1990 U.S. Censuses to study labor market assimilation of self-employed immigrants. Separate earnings functions for the self-employed and wage/salary workers are estimated. To control for endogenous sorting into the sectors, models of the self-employment decision are estim...

Several empirical minimum wage studies have recently been published that simulate employment effects of a federal minimum wage in Germany. We disentangle various factors that explain the variation in previous simulation results. Based on data from the German SocioEconomic Panel and the newly available ‘Verdienststrukturerhebung 2006’ we conduct robustness analyses that systematically test the r...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of domestic and foreign outsourcing on level of employment. We will distinguish between narrow outsourcing (intra-industrial purchases of inputs) and broad outsourcing (inputs from all sectors). Outsourcing is calculated using domestic and import – use matrices of input-output tables for 28 Spanish manufacturing industries for the period 1993 t...

Th is paper challenges the conventional wisdom that employment growth requires denial of all forms of security for workers, contrary to orthodox theorizing that regards minimal. Orthodox theorizing, emphasizing the wage-labour nexus, regards minimal worker security as necessary for good economic performance by fi rms and national economies. A comparative analysis of OECD countries shows that th...

Is Crime Contagious? Understanding whether criminal behavior is “contagious” is important for law enforcement and for policies that affect how people are sorted across social settings. We test the hypothesis that criminal behavior is contagious by using data from the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) randomized housing-mobility experiment to examine the extent to which lower localarea crime rates dec...

Can Insider Power Affect Employment? Do firms reduce employment when their insiders (established, incumbent employees) claim higher wages? The conventional answer in the theoretical literature is that insider power has no influence on employment, provided that the newly hired employees (entrants) receive their reservation wages. The reason given is that an increase in insider wages gives rise t...

The Economics of Employment Protection Empirical investigation of the labor market consequences of employment protection has mushroomed since Lazear's (1990) pioneering study. Having sketched the theoretical background, we chart the course of the modern empirical literature. We focus mainly on dismissals protection, distinguishing between the themes of employment and unemployment development an...

We present an empirical analysis of the effects of labour market institutions on the employment dynamics over the cycle. In the first part of the paper, a theoretical framework is provided with particular emphasis on working time regulations. The conclusions of the theory are tested in the second part on a sample of 20 OECD countries observed over the period 1975–1997. The empirical analysis is...