Cellular senescence acts as a potent mechanism of tumor suppression; however, its functional contribution to noncancer pathologies has not been examined. Here we show that senescent cells accumulate in murine livers treated to produce fibrosis, a precursor pathology to cirrhosis. The senescent cells are derived primarily from activated hepatic stellate cells, which initially proliferate in resp...

In sensory areas of neocortex, thalamocortical afferents project primarily onto the spiny stellate neurons of Layer 4. Anatomical evidence indicates that these cells receive most of their excitatory input from other cortical neurons, including other spiny stellate cells. Although this local network must play an important role in sensory processing, little is known about the properties of the ne...

Hepatic stellate cells are exposed to elevated bile acid levels during hepatic injury and fibrogenesis. Upon activation, the stellate cell becomes a major effector cell during the development of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Bile acids may function as costimulatory signalling molecules. This hypothesis was tested in vitro using rat-derived hepatic stellate cells. Bile acids were studied at co...

We report a case of quinine overdose in a 47-year-old man who presented with blindness. Fundus photography demonstrates the acute and subsequent retinal changes, and his visual recovery to normal acuity with visual field constriction is documented. Pupillary and electrodiagnostic findings are recorded. Stellate ganglion block has been widely advocated as a helpful therapeutic measure, but out p...

T Stellate (TS) cells in the auditory cochlear nucleus have been shown experimentally to accurately encode sound over a range of input sound pressure levels (SPL) in the presence of significant noise. One function postulated for the stellate cell circuit is to increase the dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the incoming signal, more accurately highlighting significant frequencies....

Hepatic stellate cell activation is a complex process. Paradoxes and controversies include the origin(s) of hepatic stellate cells, the regulation of membrane receptor signaling and transcription, and the fate of the cells once liver injury resolves. Major themes have emerged, including the dominance of autocrine signaling and the identification of counterregulatory stimuli that oppose key feat...

Experiments were performed to determine the influence of cardiac sympathetic efferent nerve stimulation on the discharge rate of atrial type B stretch receptors in the anesthetized, open-chest dog. In all experiments, the left stellate ganglion was stimulated following volume expansion. To determine the effects of stellate stimulation, the responses of atrial receptors were observed during the ...

The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) is a cerebellum-like auditory brain stem region whose functions include sound localization and multisensory integration. Although previous in vivo studies have shown that glycinergic and GABAergic inhibition regulate the activity of several DCN cell types in response to sensory stimuli, data regarding the synaptic inputs onto DCN inhibitory interneurons remain ...

Background and aim: The aim of this study was to systematically analyse the pattern of regeneration in human acute pancreatitis by testing whether pancreatic stellate cells, their myofibroblastic offspring, and pancreatic ductules are involved in the regenerative process. Patients and methods: Between January 1994 and November 2000, 24 necrosectomy specimens containing vital tissue were obtaine...