1. Preliminaries 3 2. Gröbner Bases 3 2.1. Motivating Problems 3 2.2. Ordering of Monomials 3 2.3. The Division Algorithm in S = k[x1, . . . , xn] 5 2.4. Dickson’s Lemma 7 2.5. Gröbner Bases and the Hilbert Basis Theorem 10 2.6. Some Further Applications of Gröbner bases 18 3. Hilbert Functions 21 3.1. Macaulay’s Theorem 27 3.2. Hilbert Functions of Reduced Standard Graded k-algebras 37 3.3. Hi...

The study of the ideals in a regular local ring (R,m) of dimension 2 has a long and important tradition dating back to the fundamental work of Zariski [ZS]. More recent contributions are due to several authors including Cutkosky, Huneke, Lipman, Sally and Tessier among others, see [C1, C2, H, HS, L, LT]. One of the main result in this setting is the unique factorization theorem for complete (i....

The goal of this article is to present the graded weakly S-primary ideals and g-weakly which are extensions primary ideals. We state P a ideal R if there exists s ∈ S such that for all x, y h(R), 0 6=xy P, then sx or sy Grad(P). Several properties characteristics as well investigated.

In papers by Semmes [6], Macpherson and Neumann [4] and Brazil, Covington, Penttila, Praeger and Woods [2], it has been shown that stabilizers of filters (equivalently, stabilizers of ideals) play a crucial role in the study of maximal subgroups of infinite symmetric groups. Semmes proved that if if is a maximal subgroup of S = Sym (Q), where Q is a set of infinite cardinality K and H contains ...

Introduction Group algebras K[G] of poly cyclic-by-finite groups are easily-defined, interesting examples of right and left Noetherian rings. Since prime rings and prime ideals are the basic building blocks in the Goldie theory of Noetherian rings, the determination of the structure of the prime ideals of K[G] is certainly of importance. In a recent fundamental paper [8], Roseblade proved that ...

De Concini, Kac and Procesi defined a family of subalgebras U + of a quantized universal enveloping algebra Uq(g), associated to the elements of the corresponding Weyl group W . They are deformations of the universal enveloping algebras U(n+ ∩ Adw(n−)) where n± are the nilradicals of a pair of dual Borel subalgebras. Based on results of Gorelik and Joseph and an interpretation of U + as quantiz...

let $r$ be a commutative ring. the purpose of this article is to introduce a new class of ideals of r called weakly irreducible ideals. this class could be a generalization of the families quasi-primary ideals and strongly irreducible ideals. the relationships between the notions primary, quasi-primary, weakly irreducible, strongly irreducible and irreducible ideals, in different rings, has bee...

in this paper, we introduce the notion of primal strong co-ideals and give some results involving them. it is shown thatsubtractive strong co-ideals are intersection of all primal strong co-ideals that contain them. also we prove that the representation of strong co-ideals as reduced intersections of primal strong co-ideals is unique.

Additive commutators of operators belonging to two{sided ideals of B(H) are studied. J){commutators is characterized and found to equal IJ ; B(H)]. It is shown that three commutators are enough in I; B(H)], and that four are enough in I; J ]. Finally, some results about single commutators are proved, for example that every element of the Schatten class C p is a single (C p ; B(H)){commutator if...