the people’s republic of china is an ever rising world power and islamic republic of iran is one of the most powerful countries in the persian gulf region. the ever increasing world needs for oil and the role of iran and persian gulf in satisfying this need has made these relations more significant. the foreign policy of the fifth generation of leadership in people’s republic of china towards t...

This study aimed to determine the trends in outpatient cataract surgery and its determinants in the Islamic Republic of Iran between 2006 and 2010. In this cross-sectional study, 106 cataract surgery centres were selected in all provinces by multistage randomized cluster sampling. The number of centres in each province was determined from the number of cataract operations and the number of pati...

Tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is an arthropod-borne infection found in the Middle East, Africa, Europe and North America. The disease is caused by several species of Borrelia and transmitted by various species of soft ticks [1,2]. Specific relationships usually exist between Borrelia species, the vector ticks and the distribution area [3]. Ornithodoros tholozani is distributed in the Middle...

Recent trends in biomedical technologies have been associated with increasing discussion about ethical aspects of the new knowledge in many societies, including the Islamic Republic of Iran. Medical ethics has a long history in our country, and great Iranian physicians laid special emphasis on teaching and practising traditional ethics. In recent decades, great strides have been made in biomedi...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic zoonosis, which is prevalent all over the world. The manifestation of the disease is either self-limiting acute diarrhea in immunocompetent individuals, or potentially fatal chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised patients. METHODS In this study, which was conducted in Tehran, 214 patients from ten health centers were investigated. Stool s...

We carried out a cross-sectional study with cluster random sampling to study the status of wife abuse in Esfahan from April to July 2002. We interviewed 386 married women using a standard questionnaire. Mean age was 35.7 years (range 15-78 years). Prevalence of wife abuse was 36.8%; incidence was 29.3%. Types of abuse included inattention to wife's feelings 44.8%, threatening to prevent communi...

BACKGROUND Training in internal medicine has significantly evolved alongside the development of science, technology and new facilities during the past fifty years. After the specialty of internal medicine, there are multiple subspecialty training programs which have started since 1985 in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this manuscript we want to define the characteristics of the gastroenterolo...

Throughout history until today, the Islamic world has been witness to various movements which have been formed in response to special demands. The current article aims to address the similarities and differences between the political thought[1] of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and two movements in Indonesia namely the Nahdatul Ulama (NU) and the Muhammadiyah movements using a descriptive-compa...

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Parsian Institute of Higher Education, Qazvin, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer and IT, Islamic Azad University, Parand Branch, Parand, Tehran, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj...

1 Department of Midwifery in Medical University, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IR Iran 2 Department of Foreign Languages, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IR Iran * Corresponding author: Tahereh Fathi Najafi, Department of Midwifery in Medical University, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5118687122, Fax: +98-5118687122, E-m...