In its original concept this article was to be a review of events affecting conservation in the north in the decade since the Tundra Conference (Fuller. & Kevan 1970). Resolutions of the Tundra Conference urged international cooperation in research, inventory and management of resources in circumpolar regions; the setting aside of research areas; protection for threatened species of vertebr...

This paper reviews the progress of Islamic banking from both theoretical and practical aspects. It highlights the basic principles on which Islamic banking is based and describes the operational details of Islamic banks. It mentions some of the misgivings with respect to the viability of Islamic banking and evaluates them objectively. It highlights the effects of Islamic banking on savings, inv...

Four options for assigning a meaning to Islamic Logic are surveyed including a new proposal for an option named Real Islamic Logic (RIL). That approach to Islamic Logic should serve modern Islamic objectives in a way comparable to the functionality of Islamic Finance. The prospective role of RIL is analyzed from several perspectives: (i) parallel distributed systems design, (ii) reception by a ...

The article "Kabbalah and mysticism" is divided into three parts, in which the general understanding of Kabbalah based on mysticism presented. first devoted to definition mysticism, wanting reflect this: Is one? In order be able answer this question, author gives voice more important scholars Judaism who have dealt with issue or are still dealing it. They clearly characterizing what is, they tr...

Islamic banking is currently one of the fastest growing segments of the financial market industry, operating in over 75 countries through 300 institutions. While past literature has established the development of financial institutions as a determinant of economic growth, research on the correlation of the diffusion of Islamic banking with economic growth is limited. This study seeks to add to ...

This article examines the unique risks associated with Islamic financial institutions and the secular state’s reticence to directly regulate their religious dimension. It argues that the state’s method of regulating the Islamic financial industry ignores special reputational risks associated with the religious and cultural distinctiveness of Islamic banks. The Financial Services Authority (FSA)...