schemic preconditioning is the one maneuver that has onsistently been shown to reduce myocardial necrosis due o ischemia/reperfusion injury in experimental models (1). rief coronary occlusions of a few minutes to 10 min ollowed by brief reperfusion periods markedly reduce the ize of a subsequent myocardial infarction (MI) induced by longer coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. he a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Systemic administration of cytosine-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotides provides neuroprotection against subsequent cerebral ischemic injury. We examined the genomic response of leukocytes and brain cells after ischemia in the context of CpG preconditioning. METHODS RNA was isolated from circulating leukocytes and ischemic cortex 3 and 24 hours after middle cerebral art...

Ischemic preconditioning, or the protective effect of short ischemic episodes on a longer, potentially injurious, ischemic period, is prevented by antagonists of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels (mitoKATP) and involves changes in mitochondrial energy metabolism and reactive oxygen release after ischemia. However, the effects of ischemic preconditioning itself on mitochondria are still po...

OBJECTIVE Ischemic preconditioning and some drugs can protect tissues from injury by preserving microcirculation. This study evaluated vascular permeability in a hamster cheek pouch preparation using either short ischemic periods or bradykinin as preconditioning stimuli followed by 30 min of ischemia/reperfusion. METHOD Sixty-six male hamsters were divided into 11 groups: five combinations of...

The role of catecholamines in ischemic preconditioning is unclear. Accordingly, the effects of tyramine-induced norepinephrine release and alpha 1-receptor blockade were examined. Ischemic preconditioning with a 5-minute coronary occlusion 10 minutes before a 30-minute ischemic interval resulted in only 7.7 +/- 3.1% infarction of the risk area, significantly less than that in control rabbits wi...

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) lesions are a phenomenon that occurs in multiple pathological states and results in a series of events that end in irreparable damage that severely affects the recovery and health of patients. The principal therapeutic approaches include preconditioning, postconditioning, and remote ischemic preconditioning, which when used separately do not have a great impact on pat...

A previous exposure to a non-harmful ischemic insult (preconditioning) protects the brain against subsequent harmful ischemia (ischemic tolerance). In contrast to delayed gene-mediated ischemic tolerance, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate rapid ischemic tolerance, which occurs within 1 h following preconditioning. Here we have investigated the degradation of the pro-a...

Ischemia-reperfusion injury occurs during coronary artery bypass graft operations. Strategies are needed to lower the extent of damage. Attempts to find these strategies have been occurring for more than 40 years, with remote ischemic preconditioning being one method. This review provides a look at potential mechanisms involved in remote ischemic preconditioning, experimental evidence supportin...

introduction: it has been reported that traumas such as transverse abdominal incision before myocardial ischemia result in a significantly decreased infarct size. this phenomenon is named remote preconditioning of trauma. since small skin burn is one of most common traumas, the effect of this injury on ischemia-induced arrhythmias and infarct size was investigated in a rat model of ischemia-rep...

N early 3 decades ago, this journal reported the seminal discovery by Murry et al 1 of ischemic precondition-ing, a phenomenon in which several episodes of brief isch-emia followed by reperfusion protected cardiac muscle cells from a subsequent prolonged ischemic insult. Since then, a similar protective effect of ischemic preconditioning has been observed in many organs, including brain, liver,...