water is the most limiting factor in irrigated agriculture, mainly in mediterranean environments, as in the case of southwest spain. in this area, almond is one of the most valuable crops due to its high drought tolerance. this work examines the crop coefficients (kc) based on four drainage lysimeters installed in an experimental young almond orchard. complementary, two deficit-irrigation treat...

Many water management problems have arisen in past Asian irrigation projects. They have been characterized as a vicious cycle involving the lack of maintenance, poor irrigation service, low rates of fee collection, inadequate institutional arrangements, and lack of user participation. This article argues that we have generally agreed on a strategy to address these problems and asks whether or n...

Iran is a large producer of agricultural products. Irrigation water resources are limited and the water use efficiency is low. The micro irrigation system (MIS) is a versatile management tool that can increase water productivity. Although micro irrigation has a lot of advantages, some of its disadvantages are its difficult and time-consuming design. Economical analysis of the design is one of t...

One of the problems of existing irrigation networks is seepage phenomena. Seepage problem and its control in irrigation channels is one of the most important issues in the design, construction, maintenance and operation of these channels. In this study, simulated the rate of seepage and phreatic lines in the Mianab irrigation and drainage channels located in the Karun basin using mathematical t...

Although the treatment of chronic subdural haematoma by burr hole drainage has been performed in the past with or without using a closed drainage system, the problem of intracranial air entrapment still persists and can cause a deterioration in the level of consciousness or seizures in the postoperative period. Cerebral infarction may also develop a few days after surgery because of the intracr...

Despite concern over poorly maintained irrigation systems and insufficient investment in operations and maintenance (O&M) for irrigation systems in most developing couqtries, there is little agreement about how much money is required. A review of 18 Asian Development Bank (ADB) appraisal reports for irrigation projects in Asia, covering the period 1969-78, revealed O&M estimates ranging from US...

Side weir is a type of weirs that used extensively in a variety ofengineering projects such as river engineering, dam,waste water , Irrigation and drainage network. So the study on the flow characteristics on the type weir, is one of the mostimportant topics in hydraulic engineering. The spatially varied flow (S.V.F)with discharge decreasing is governing equation to this type weir.Study on the ...