BACKGROUND Household water treatment (HWT) can improve drinking water quality and prevent disease if used correctly and consistently by vulnerable populations. Over 1.1 billion people report treating their water prior to drinking it. These estimates, however, are based on responses to household surveys that may exaggerate the consistency and microbiological performance of the practice-key facto...

Iran has suffered ever-increasing domestic energy consumption, mostly because of its long-standing price control policy. To decelerate this trend, Iran began a reform on its energy subsidy system in December 2010. This paper examines the inflationary impact of the energy subsidy reform on different Iranian non-energy sectors and urban and rural households by making an updated input–output...

Parental migration is often found to be negatively correlated with child health in Africa, yet the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. The paper uses a dataset that provides information from the respondent parent on child morbidity in rural and urban settings. Households first endogenously determine whether they will gain from participating in migration and, if they do, whether they will l...

background and objectives: poverty and risk of nutritional vulnerability of female-headed households (fhhs) are usually higher than male-headed households (mhhs). this study aimed at comparing the socio-economic status, and food and nutrient intake of fhhs and mhhs based on the data from comprehensive study on household food consumption patterns and nutritional status of iran (2001-2003). mater...

economic valuation of water is useful in the administration and management of water. population growth and urbanization caused municipal water demand increase in iran. limited water resource supply and urban water network capacity raised complexity in water resources management. present condition suggests using economic value of water as a criterion for allocating policies and feasibility study...

Urban economics emphasizes: the spatial arrangements of households, firms, and capital in metropolitan areas; the externalities which arise from the proximity of households and land uses; and the public policy issues which arise from the interplay of these economic forces.

selection of best demand model for explaining of consumer behaviour is one of the most important issues in microeconomic. in this paper we introduce aids[1],cbs[2], nbr[3] and rotterdam model and estimate these models by iranian urban households data for period 1973-2012.seemingly unrelated regression method is chosen for estimation of 5 groups of commodities including food, housing, clothing, ...

This paper applies an ordered discrete choice framework to model fuel choices and patterns of cooking fuel use in urban Indian households. The choices considered are for three main cooking fuels: firewood, kerosene and LPG (liquid petroleum gas). The models, estimated using a large microeconomic dataset, show a reasonably good performance in the prediction of households’ primary and secondary f...

BACKGROUND Evidence on the differential impacts of the global food crisis as it translates into chronic food insecurity locally is essential to design food security interventions targeting the most vulnerable population groups. There are no studies on the extent of chronic food insecurity or its predictors among adolescents in developing countries. In the context of increased food prices in Eth...