Improving performance of electrical distribution companies, as the natural monopoly entities in electric industry, has always been one of the main concerns of the regulators. In this paper, a new incentive regulatory scheme is proposed to improve the performances of electrical distribution companies. The proposed scheme utilizes several efficiency assessments and a 3-dimentional reward-penalty ...

Fiduciary law is highly instructive about the limits of what may be agreed to by physician-researchers and sponsor drug companies when their agreements implicate the interests of patients who volunteer as subjects in clinical trials. On October 26, 2001, the Report of the Committee of Inquiry on the Case Involving Dr. Nancy Olivieri, the Hospital for Sick Children, the University of Toronto and...

The article summarizes the arguments on minimizing uncertainty level caused by numerous unforeseen circumstances due to using operational flexibility increase companies' efficiency (example of small and medium enterprises in pharmaceutical sector Iran). research aims at investigating relationship between a company's performance examine impact environmental these relationships. This study was co...

CONTEXT While exposure to and attitudes about drug company interactions among residents have been studied extensively, relatively little is known about relationships between drug companies and medical students. OBJECTIVE To measure third-year medical students' exposure to and attitudes about drug company interactions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In 2003, we distributed a 64-item anony...

With respect to special characteristics of pharmaceutical industry and lack of reported performance measure, this study tries to design an integrated PM model for pharmaceutical companies. For generating this model; we first identified the key performance indicators (KPIs) and the key result indicators (KRIs) of a typical pharmaceutical company. Then, based on experts᾽ opinions, the identified ...

The financial ties between doctors and drug companies have come under intense scrutiny in recent years. Some commentators--such as Marcia Angell, former editor-in-chief of the New England Journal of Medicine--argue that the mission of doctors is fundamentally different to the mission of drug companies and that the ties between them should be completely cut. "Drug companies are investor owned bu...