Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has become rather common in western countries over the past couple of decades.(1), It has a profound effect on health economics, disturbs patients' quality of life and increases the risk for development of esophageal adenocarcinoma.(2), GERD usually presents with a burning sensation extending up along the sternum (heartburn), and regurgitation (defined maj...

Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D-50829 Cologne, Germany (B.D., M.v.K.); Institute of Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (B.D., M.v.K.); Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences “From Complex Traits Towards Synthetic Modules,” 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (B.D., M.v.K.); Università degli Studi di Milano-DiSAA, 20133 Milan, Italy (E.T., G.V., L.R...

1Graduate School of Economics; 2Division of Environment and Resources, Institute of Economic Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (Correspondence to N. Ghotbi: [email protected]). Received: 21/11/03; accepted: 08/12/03 ABSTRACT We reviewed the medical and economic burden of thalassaemia major with emphasis on prenatal diagnosis for disease prevention as the most economic health care policy...

Underground mining method selection is one of the most crucial decisions that should be made by mining engineers. Choosing a suitable underground mining method to carry out extraction from a mineral deposit is very important in terms of the economics, safety and the productivity of mining operations. The aim of this study is developing a fuzzy model to selection the optimum mining method by usi...

This paper examines the impact of military expenditure and income on external debt for a panel of six Middle Eastern countries; namely, Oman, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, Iran, and Jordan, over the period 1988 to 2002. Using Pedroni's (2004) test for panel cointegration, we find that there is a long-run relationship between external debt, military expenditure and income. The estimated long-run elasti...

The renewed interest in home dialysis therapies makes it pertinent to address the essentials of establishing and running a successful home dialysis program. The success of a home program depends on a clear understanding of the structure of the home program team, the physical plant, educational tool requirements, reimbursement sources and a business plan. A good command of the technical and econ...

This paper examines critically the contributions of Cournot, Jevons and Walras as the founders of classical mathematical economics from a methodological standpoint. Advances in different economic schools and doctrines in the 19th century produced an environment of multi-dimensionality in economic analysis which was regarded by the pioneers of classical mathematical economists as a chaotic state...

The "concept of the co-operative identity" (consisting from the definition, aims and functions of cooperatives and the so-termed co-operative principles) serves as a general theoretical background for the economic analysis of agricultural co-operation. The development of Dutch dairy co-operatives is used as a case study example, which suitably illustrates and represents the processes taking pla...

This paper examines the stock price effect in New Zealand of announcements of increases in dividends and of share repurchases from 1993 to 2009. The results are related to the soft substitution hypothesis on Australian data. Dividend-increase announcements provoke a greater positive effect on the stock price than buyback announcements. The preference of the marginal investor is also examined wh...