Excessive "excitotoxic" accumulation of Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) within neurons contributes to neurodegeneration in pathological conditions including ischemia. Putative early targets of these ions, both of which are linked to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, are mitochondria and the cytosolic enzyme, NADPH oxidase (NOX). The present study uses primary cortical neuronal cultures to e...

Collismycin A (CMA), a microbial product, has anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells, but the mechanism of its action remains unknown. Here, we report the identification of the molecular target of CMA by ChemProteoBase, a proteome-based approach for drug target identification. ChemProteoBase profiling showed that CMA is closely clustered with di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemi...

The purpose of this paper was to study the kinetics accumulation radiation damage in near-surface layer a high-entropy NbTiVZr alloy upon irradiation with heavy Kr15+ ions and fluences 1010–1015 ion/cm2. According data X-ray diffraction analysis, it found that lead structural changes associated deformation distortions stresses. In case, nature tensile crystal lattice swelling layer. An analysis...

Stomata enable gaseous exchange between the interior of the leaf and the atmosphere through the stomatal pore. Control of the pore aperture depends on osmotic solute accumulation by, and its loss from the guard cells surrounding the pore. Stomata in most plants are separated by at least one epidermal cell, and this spacing is thought to enhance stomatal function, although there are several gene...

Ascidians, so-called sea squirts, can accumulate high levels of vanadium in the vacuoles of signet ring cells, which are one type of ascidian blood cell and are also called vanadocytes. In addition to containing high concentrations of vanadium in the +3 oxidation state, the proton concentrations in vanadocyte vacuoles are extremely high. In order to elucidate the entire mechanism of the accumul...

A new ion trapping technique, involving the accumulation of ions in a cyclical drift tube, as a means of enhancing ion signals for scanning ion cyclotron mobility measurements has been modeled by computational simulations and demonstrated experimentally. In this approach, multiple packets of ions are periodically released from a source region into the on ramp region of the cyclical drift tube a...

When immersed into water, most solids develop a surface charge, which is neutralized by an accumulation of dissolved counterions at the interface. Although the density distribution of counterions perpendicular to the interface obeys well-established theories, little is known about counterions' lateral organization at the surface of the solid. Here we show, by using atomic force microscopy and c...

Toxicity and accumulation of Cd2+ in yeasts were studied in eight different yeast species. The adaptation to toxic concentration of this metal was dependent on the production of extracellular yeast glycoproteins. The highest concentration of Cd2+ ions in the growth medium was tolerated by a Hansenula anomala, strain while the lowest tolerance was found by the strain of species Saccharomyces cer...

Although it is known that accumulation of oncogenic β-catenin is critical for intestinal tumorigenesis, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully explored. Post-translational β-catenin level is regulated via the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)-dependent as well as the APC-independent ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP). Employing an APC-mutant mouse model (APC(Min/+)) the present study ...

fabrication of a cysteamine (ca) self-assembled monolayer (sam) modified gold electrode insitufunctionalized with l-lysine (lys) is presented and described. the fabricated electrode was used forhighly selective and sensitive accumulation and the determination of copper ions (cu2+) in a nanomolarconcentration. techniques like cyclic voltammetry (cv) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ei...