Human RAD51 protein (HsRad51) catalyses the DNA strand exchange reaction for homologous recombination. To clarify the molecular mechanism of the reaction in vitro being more effective in the presence of Ca(2+) than of Mg(2+), we have investigated the effect of these ions on the structure of HsRad51 filament complexes with single- and double-stranded DNA, the reaction intermediates. Flow linear ...

We report the creation of a multiferroic field effect device with a BiFeO(3) (BFO) (antiferromagnetic-ferroelectric) gate dielectric and a La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3) (LSMO) (ferromagnetic) conducting channel that exhibits direct, bipolar electrical control of exchange bias. We show that exchange bias is reversibly switched between two stable states with opposite exchange bias polarities upon ferroele...

The effects of an extracellular sodium (Na) concentration of 200 mM on function, ionic exchange, and water movements were examined in the vascularly perfused rabbit intraventricular septum. When the perfusate was switched from 142 mMNa to 200 mMNa, dP/ dt fell 20.4% over 2 minutes; dP/dt then recovered to the control level. The time course of the functional recovery correlated with the uptake o...

The rate of exchange of G-actin with subunits of F-actin and the rate of hydrolysis of ATP in solutions of F-actin at steady state have been measured simultaneously. Subunit exchange kinetics were analyzed by both a treadmill model and an exchange-diffusion model. The best fit to a treadmill model of the data obtained in 0.5 mM MgCl2 and 0.2 mM ATP at 30 degrees C gave a treadmill efficiency (n...

A theoretical and experimental study of cation exchange in high ionic strength electrolytes was performed using pristine subsurface sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford site. These sediments are representative of the site contaminated sediments impacted by release of high level waste (HLW) solutions containing 137Cs+ in NaNO3 brine. The binary exchange behavior of Cs+-Na+, Cs+-K...

A novel CMPO (carbamoylmethylphosphine oxide) based task specific ionic liquid (TSIL) with an NTf(2)(-) counter anion was synthesized and evaluated for actinide/lanthanide extraction from acidic feed solutions using several room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The extraction data were compared with those obtained with CMPO in the same set of RTILs and also in the molecular diluent, n-dodecan...

Sorption characteristics of Co which is rather troublesome nuclide from the aspect of low level radioactive waste disposal was studied. By use of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, coexistence of ionic and colloidal cobalts was verified in aqueous solution with pH>7. Column test was carried out with pH=8.75 and it showed that breakthrough curve obtained consists of two types of curves due t...

Many biomolecules are charged and may therefore be transported with ionic currents. As a step toward addressable ionic delivery circuits, we report on the development of a npn ion bipolar junction transistor (npn-IBJT) as an active control element of anionic currents in general, and specifically, demonstrate actively modulated delivery of the neurotransmitter glutamic acid. The functional mater...

A novel synergistic extraction system was investigated for the possible selective separation of light lanthanoids using an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, as an extraction solvent and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone and 18-crown-6 as extractants. Trivalent lanthanum was efficiently extracted as a cationic ternary complex by the cation-exchange process, wh...