Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are unique in combining the electrochemical properties of ion exchange resins and the permeability of a membrane. They are being used widely to treat industrial effluents, and in seawater and brackish water desalination. Membrane Capacitive Deionisation (MCDI) is an emerging, energy efficient technology for brackish water desalination in which these ion-exchange me...

zinc is a substance that regulates neural excitability by binding whit sodium channel and potassium channel. the efficiency of free zinc ion, make down the neural survival rate, reduced the peak amplitude of na+ and make depolarization na channel, increased the peak amplitude of transition outward k+ currents and delayed rectifier. also it is an effective blocker of one subtype of tetrodoxine (...

The single ion transport of transition metal ions like Cu(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+) and Zn(2+) were carried out through the H(+) and alkali metal ion forms of Nafion membrane. These studies showed that the ion exchange selectivity coefficient of the permeating ion had an effect on its transport process. It was found that the diffusion coefficient values (D) were directly proportional to the selectivi...

the major foible of dental ceramics is their brittle nature. therefore, the producers of these materials have focused on the “strength” issue. a method of increasing strength is ion exchange on porcelain surface which leads to formation of a compressive crust that opposing forces should overcome before developing a crack. in current study, ion exchange in two types of porcelain, ceramco ii whic...

Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) is a promising technique to achieve desalination of low-salinity water resources. The primary requirements for developing and designing materials MCDI applications are large surface area, high wettability water, conductivity, efficient ion-transport pathways. Herein, we synthesized ionic covalent organic nanosheets (iCONs) containing guanidinium units tha...

the effects of three levels of transmembrane pressure (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mpa) as well as three temperature  levels of: 30, 40 and 50°c on the efficiency of nanofiltration process of waste brine from the regeneration of ion exchange resins at sugar industry (to recover water and sodium chloride) were investigated throughout the current study. the polyamide tubular afc40 membrane manufactured by p...

Poly(o-anisidine) molybdophosphate was expediently obtained by sol-gel mixing of Poly(o-anisidine) into the inorganic matrices of molybdophosphate, which was allowed to react with silver nitrate to the formation of poly(o-anisidine) molybdophosphate embedded silver nano composite. The composite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, UV-Vis Spectr...

Bioelectronic Ion Pumps An example of an ion pump for delivering therapeutic ions and biomolecules is demonstrated in article 2201996, by Marco Rolandi co-workers. exchange membrane (IEM) connects two reservoirs with different solutions. The top working electrode (WE) interfaces the source solution, while bottom reference/counter (RE/CE) target solution. A voltage across electrodes enables elec...

In the amphoteric membrane-less decoupled water electrolysis, hydrogen and oxygen are co-produced in separate cells with higher energy efficiency. Ion exchange is mediated by auxiliary electrodes – H x WO 3 for acid NiOOH alkaline cell.

the objective of this research is to find an economically attractive alternative method for hydrodesulfurization of petroleum fractions and to select a suitable adsorbent for this process.deep desulfurization of transportation fuels (gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels) is being mandated by governments and is also needed for future fuel cell applications. however, it is extremely difficult and cost...