buying and selling human organs is among the newly-arisen jurisprudential issues, about which the imāmī jurists have opted two theories in response to this issue. some of them have regarded the situational decree of buying and selling human organs as invalidity according to the traditions comprising of the contents invalidating the purchase of dead animal and the consensus on it, and have viewe...

It is found that in the SM the Ward-Takahashi(WT) identities of the axial-vector currents and the charged vector currents of fermions are invalid after spontaneous symmetry breaking. The spin-0 components of Z and W fields are revealed from the invalidity of these WT identities. The masses of these spin-0 components are at 10 14 GeV. They are ghosts. Therefore, unitarity of the SM after spontan...

In a unified knowledge representation data, information and knowledge are all represented in a single formalism as “items”. Objects are item building operators. Items and objects contain two types of acceptability measures that measure the invalidity of item instances. A quantitative calculus estimates the extent to which knowledge base integrity may be expected to degrade as time passes. This ...

We generalize the standard quantum adiabatic approximation to the case of open quantum systems. We define the adiabatic limit of an open quantum system as the regime in which its dynamical superoperator can be decomposed in terms of independently evolving Jordan blocks. We then establish validity and invalidity conditions for this approximation and discuss their applicability to superoperators ...

We consider the problem of querying XML documents which are not valid with respect to given DTDs. We propose a framework for measuring the invalidity of XML documents and compactly representing minimal repairing scenarios. Furthermore, we present a validity-sensitive method of querying XML documents, which extracts more information from invalid XML documents than does the standard query evaluat...

In this paper, three modified tetraethyl orthosilicate surface treatment agents were prepared by using (TEOS) as the preparation monomer, isobutyltriethoxysilane (IBTS) hybridizer, and acrylic acid, phosphoric hydrochloric acid catalysts. The effects of on permeability airport pavement concrete investigated water absorption tests, contact angle penetration resistance chloride ion carbonation me...

A common sense dominance argument (1) divides possible outcomes into two or more exhaustive, exclusive cases, (2) points out that in each of these alternatives it is bet ter to perform some action than not to perform it, and (3) concludes that this action is best unconditionally. Al though such arguments are often used, and are convincing when they are used, they are invalid. A classic i l lust...