Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease is associated with poor outcomes. This study investigated the beneficial effects of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) inhalation on pulmonary pressure and ventricular remodeling in a rat model of heart failure (HF) following myocardial infarction (MI). To assess the effect of ISDN on pulmonary pressure, 20 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized ...

1. The role of platelet-activating factor in the attenuated hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction associated with lung injury was evaluated using specific platelet-activating factor antagonists and an isolated perfused lung preparation. 2. Intratracheal bleomycin was administered to rats to produce acute lung injury. Animals received intratracheal saline (control), intratracheal bleomycin or the p...

Klebsiella pneumoniae given by aerosol was significantly less virulent in mice and monkeys than when given by intranasal (mice) or intratracheal (monkeys) instillation.

Fetal growth restriction can affect health outcomes in postnatal life. This study tested the hypothesis that response to an inflammatory pulmonary insult is altered pediatric fetal restricted rats. Using a low-protein diet during gestation and life, growth-restricted male female rats healthy control were exposed via intratracheal instillation of heat-killed bacteria. After 6 h, animal lungs exa...

Bacterial genome is characterized by frequent unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) motifs. Deleterious effects can occur when synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) with unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG-ODN) are administered in a systemic fashion. We aimed to evaluate the effect of intratracheal CpG-ODN on lung inflammation and systemic inflammatory response. C57BL/6J mice received i...

The study objectives were to assess the ability of intratracheal injection methods to discriminate between nine ®bre types in respect of pulmonary biopersistence, and to provide approximate estimates of relative biopersistence and durability for a study of general relationships with biological and toxicological responses. The test ®bres included six samples of size-selected ®bre types specially...

BACKGROUND Acute peritonitis developing in response to gram-negative bacterial infection is known to act as a trigger for the development of acute lung injury which is often complicated by the development of nosocomial pneumonia. We hypothesized that endotoxin-induced peritonitis provokes recruitment of monocytes into the lungs, which amplifies lung inflammatory responses to a second hit intra-...