BACKGROUND It is controversial as to whether T-wave elevation is caused by local anaesthetics, epinephrine, or their combination. It has been shown that T-elevation after intravascular injection of a small bupivacaine test dose is caused by epinephrine and not by bupivacaine. The aim of this study was to investigate ECG changes with higher doses of i.v. bupivacaine. METHODS Thirty neonatal pi...

Muscle regeneration after a traumatic injury can take an excessively long period of time. The purpose this study is to assess whether the action percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) accelerates muscle in cases partial injuries. gastrocnemius from adult Swiss male mice was inoculated with bupivacaine. PNE protocol applied 48 h treatment Immunofluorescence techniques were performed 72 bupivacai...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A case is described of bupivacaine toxicity after continuous cervical epidural infusion in a patient with intractable cancer pain. The patient had several periods of generalized tonic clonic seizures. Serial venous blood samples were taken after the first signs of toxicity. The highest total plasma bupivacaine level was 20.3 micrograms/mL. The corresponding free bupiva...

We have studied the effects of bupivacaine on human and bovine articular chondrocytes in vitro. Time-lapse confocal microscopy of human articular chondrocytes showed > 95% cellular death after exposure to 0.5% bupivacaine for 30 minutes. Human and bovine chondrocytes exposed to 0.25% bupivacaine had a time-dependent reduction in viability, with longer exposure times resulting in higher cytotoxi...

We previously reported that bupivacaine induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and nuclear factor-kappa B activation, resulting in an increase in expression of WD repeat-containing protein 35 (WDR35) in mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells. However, the identity of signaling upstream of p38 MAPK pathways to WDR35 expression remains ...

Spinal anaesthesia in 47 ASA I-III patients was induced with 0.5% bupivacaine 2 ml via a 28-gauge spinal catheter (L3-4 interspace) and 0.5-ml increments were given if needed before or during hip or knee arthroplasty. Intrathecal 24-h infusions consisted of 0.5% bupivacaine 0.4 ml h-1 (2 mg h-1) (n = 12), 0.5% bupivacaine 0.2 ml h-1 (1 mg h-1) (n = 12) or saline (n = 11) (12 exclusions). Patien...