INTRODUCTION Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a hyperadrenergic syndrome that may follow acute brain injury characterized by episodic, hyperadrenergic alterations in vital signs. Identifying commonality in lesion localization in patients with PSH is challenging, but intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) represents a focal injury that might provide insight. We describe a series of patie...

Intracranial haemorrhages are rare but potentially life-threatening complications of spine surgery. Most reported cases involved subdural or cerebellar haemorrhages; supratentorial parenchymal bleeding is very uncommon. We report a 28-year-old woman who underwent resection of a thoracic Ewing's sarcoma, and developed fatal haemorrhages around her cerebral metastases during surgery. The clinical...

BACKGROUND Osteogenesis imperfecta is associated with susceptibility to connective tissue damage, including intracranial but usually extra-axial hemorrhage. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency is a rare fibrinolytic cause of systemic bleeding diathesis. OBJECTIVE To describe a case of a brainstem intraparenchymal hemorrhage associated with connective tissue and coagulation disorders....

It is widely accepted that glutamate is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). However, there is also a large amount of glutamate in the blood. Generally, the concentration gradient of glutamate between intraparenchymal and blood environments is stable. However, this gradient is dramatically disrupted under a variety of pathological conditions, resul...

Intraparenchymal epididymal cysts (IECs) are benign cystic formations of the epididymis of unknown pathogenesis, which typically appear in adolescence or adulthood. In patients older than 14 years old their prevalence is doubled. After systematic and thorough research of the current literature, we did not find another case report of intraparenchymal epididymal cyst with similar dimensions. The ...

OBJECTIVES Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is nowadays considered a safe and effective procedure for various movement disorders in which conservative treatments have failed to show significant therapeutic results. One of the most common complications of definitive electrode positioning is intraparenchymal hemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Authors report the case of a 55-year-old female patient t...