Humans infected with Giardia exhibit intestinal hypermotility, but the underlying mechanisms and functional significance are uncertain. Here we show in murine models of giardiasis that small-intestinal hypermotility occurs in a delayed fashion relative to peak parasite burden, is dependent on adaptive immune defenses, and contributes to giardial clearance.

Abstract The transition of free-living organisms to parasitic is a mysterious process that occurs in all major eukaryotic lineages. Parasites display seemingly unique features associated with their pathogenicity; however, it important distinguish ancestral preconditions parasitism from truly new parasite-specific functions. Here, we sequenced the genome and transcriptome anaerobic Mastigamoeba ...

Enterobius vermicularis is a nematod of large intestine in man. Extra intestinal localization of this parasite is rare. A 60 year old man was admitted to the hospital with the clinical manifestation of meningitis. In laboratory examination of cerebrospinal fluid (C.S.F), the appearance was red, Albu-min level was high and the glucose showed normal value. Haematoxylin and Eosin stained slides pr...

BACKGROUND Thirteen red deer (Cervus elaphus), culled from the isolated population at the Mongstad Oil Refinery, Norway, were investigated for gastrointestinal helminths. These animals, enclosed by the refinery fence, do not have contact with other ruminants and have a high population density considering the available browsing area (1 km(2)) within the refinery site (3 km(2)). The population wa...

Cryptosporidiosis, an opportunistic parasitic disease, has become a topic of great interest being life-threatening among immunocompromised patients worldwide. To date, there is no totally effective therapy other than a healthy intact immune system. Probiotics, widely reported to stimulate both innate and acquired immunity at mucosal and systemic levels, were investigated in the present study fo...