Railway transportation plays an important role in the economic development of Iran. National Iranian Railways includes fifteen regional railways which operate independently, but under the supervision of National Iranian Railways Company. Evaluating the efficiency of regional railways is an important issue in Iran and is one of the bases for budget and resource allocation for further developmen...

collapse of the soviet :union: is considered as the most significant development happened in the last decades of the previous century. transformation of power relations and balance of forces at regional level as well as activation of transregional and particularly regional powers to maintain their presence and extend their influence over southern soviet :union: could be mentioned as consequence...

In this article, we try to give an overview about the major changes and shifts that have determined the functioning of the spatial planning system in Romania. In this respect, we use the major legislative acts and the official planning documents from different scales (national, regional, and local) and the personal experiences in the development of different spatial planning documents as major ...

Scenarios for the Third National Climate Assessment (NCA3) were produced for physical climate and sea level rise with substantial input from disciplinary and regional experts. These scenarios underwent extensive review and were published as NOAA Technical Reports. For land use/cover and socioeconomic conditions, scenarios already developed by other agencies were specified for use in the NCA3. E...

The Asia-Pacific region generates over half of global economic activity (54.2%) and about 43.7% of global trade, and is the most dynamic region in the global economy. At the core of this is an increasingly dynamic, vibrant and entrepreneurial small-medium sized enterprise sector. Advances in information and communications technology, market liberalisation and moves towards closer regional econo...

This paper centres on research associated with FutureQUEST, one of a suite of projects under the umbrella of Altas that aim to investigate and model a range of development processes operating within the North West region of England. The project, funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), focuses on the development of a Regional Interactive Sustainability Model ...