The change in snow cover under climate change is poorly understood in Tianshan Mountains. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics and trends of snow-covered area (SCA) and snow-covered days (SCD) in the Tianshan Mountains by using the cloud-removed MODIS fractional snow cover datasets from 2001–2015. The possible linkage between the snow cover and temperature and precipitation c...

Conventionally, mean grain size is considered the most critical microstructural parameter in determining the mechanical behavior of pure metals. By systematically controlling the distribution of grain orientations in aluminum films, we show that microstructural heterogeneity alone induces large variation in the mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metal films. Aluminum films with relatively h...

We propose a timescale decomposition approach to measurement-based admission control (MBAC). We identify a critical timescale f T h such that: 1) aggregate traac uctuation slower than f T h can be tracked by the admission controller and compensated for by ow admissions and departures; 2) uctuations faster than f T h have to be absorbed by reserving spare bandwidth on the link. The critical time...

Characterizing the spatial distribution of hedgerows over landscapes is important for understanding the effects of this distribution on the dynamics of plant and animal populations. Because hedgerows are planted or managed, the authors hypothesized that their distribution depends on the presence of other linear landscape elements, namely, roads and channels. Using proximity analyses, the author...

The main reason for carrying out this study was to determine possible relationships among several adoption parameters of computer use, internet usage and internet access in agriculture. The key options for determining relationships (apart from non-parametric correlation techniques) are canonical correlation analysis, probit models and logit models. Canonical correlation analysis is generally se...

We estimate the conditional distribution of trade-to-trade price changes using ordered probit, a statistical model for discrete dependent variables that possess a natural ordering. Such an approach takes into account the fact that transaction price changes occur in discrete increments, typically eighths of a dollar, and occur at irregularly spaced time intervals. Unlike existing continuous-time...

Friendship and peer acceptance contribute uniquely to positive social and emotional adjustment whereas low status within the peer group has been found to produce rejection, loneliness and harassment. We have studied how the exclusionary ties and friendship ties are distributed among first grade pupils in the classroom. The basic question was whether girls’ and boys’ networks are different from ...

Dynamic latent factors estimated from panels of macroeconomic indicators are used to predict future NBER recession dates. Three monthly macro factors are considered: (1) a bond and exchange rates factor extracted from 22 financial time series; (2) a stock market factor extracted from 4 stock market indicators; (3) a real factor extracted from 4 macroeconomic time series. Three main results emer...