this question has always been put forward in the mind of curious people why some countries have developed termed in spite of very few natural resources and facilities while other countries have not developed in spite of having more suitable resources and facilities. various factors such as economy, culture, geography, etc. are perhaps a background to answer this question, but there is a more im...

Innovation is key to technology adoption and creation, and to explaining the vast differences in productivity across and within countries. Despite the central role of the entrepreneur in the innovation process, data limitations have restricted standard analysis of the determinants of innovation to consideration of the role of firm characteristics. We develop a model of innovation which incorpor...

Intuitionistic Fuzzy Modal Operator was defined by Atanassov in cite{at3}in 1999. In 2001, cite{at4}, he introduced the generalization of thesemodal operators. After this study, in 2004, Dencheva cite{dencheva} definedsecond extension of these operators. In 2006, the third extension of thesewas defined in cite{at6} by Atanassov. In 2007,cite{gc1}, the authorintroduced a new operator over Intuit...

we establish a sharp maximal function estimate for some vector-valued multilinear singular integral operators. as an application, we obtain the $(l^p, l^q)$-norm inequality for vector-valued multilinear operators.

The design of finite impulse response (FIR) filters can be formulated as a non-linear optimization problem reputed to be difficult for conventional approaches. The constraints are high and a large number of parameters have to be estimated, especially when dealing with 2-D FIR filters. In order to improve the performance of conventional approaches, we explore several stochastic methodologies cap...

The notion of “evolvability” — the ability of a population to produce variants fitter than any yet existing — is developed as it applies to genetic algorithms. A theoretical analysis of the dynamics of genetic programming predicts the existence of a novel, emergent selection phenomenon: the evolution of evolvability. This is produced by the proliferation, within programs, of blocks of code that...

In this paper, a complete description concerning linear operators of Banach spaces with range in Lipschitz algebras $lip_al(X)$ is provided. Necessary and sufficient conditions are established to ensure boundedness and (weak) compactness of these operators. Finally, a lower bound for the essential norm of such operators is obtained.

In this paper, the notion of closure operators of matroids  is generalized to fuzzy setting  which is called $M$-fuzzifying closure operators, and some properties of $M$-fuzzifying closure operators are discussed. The $M$-fuzzifying matroid induced by an $M$-fuzzifying closure operator can induce an $M$-fuzzifying closure operator. Finally, the characterizations of $M$-fuzzifying acyclic matroi...

The notion of “evolvability” — the ability of a population to produce variants fitter than any yet existing — is developed as it applies to genetic algorithms. A theoretical analysis of the dynamics of genetic programming predicts the existence of a novel, emergent selection phenomenon: the evolution of evolvability. This is produced by the proliferation, within programs, of blocks of code that...

The research project Aviator 2030 at the German Aerospace Centre (DLR) focuses on finding an optimal fit between technical innovations and human operators in future aviation. Due to the increase in automation, accurate and efficient monitoring poses a great challenge to future operators in aviation. As the DLR`s Department of Aviation and Space Psychology is responsible for the selection of pil...