Current debates on mitigation emphasize the role of the inertia of the economic system. Our aim in this paper is to study in more depth how sectorally dif ferentiated inertia impacts on optimal CO2-emission abatement policies. Using the STARTS model, we show that optimal abatement levels and costs differ sensibly among sectors. Differential inertia is the critical determinant of this trade-off,...

In this paper, we present a modified snake model for the problem of general video object tracking. We introduce a new external force into the snake equation based on the predictive contour such that the active contour is attracted to a shape similar to the one in the previous video frame. New methods of contour prediction and contour smoothing are presented. The proposed methods can deal with t...

A simple upwind discretization of the highly coupled non-linear differential equations which define the hydrodynamic model for semiconductors is given in full detail. The hydrodynamic model is able to describe inertia effects which play an increasing role in different fields of optoand microelectronics. A silicon n −n−n-structure is simulated, using the energy-balance model and the full hydrody...

An e®ective inertia of a serially jointed chain of bodies, such as a robotic arm, is often referred to as the articulated or operational space inertia. Six principal axes and six principal values of inertia are proposed to decouple articulated inertia into geometric and constitutive properties respectively. In the case of a single rigid body, these concepts naturally coincide with familiar desc...

The equation of the density field of an assembly of macroscopic particles advected by a hydro-dynamic flow is derived from the microscopic description of the system. This equation allows one to recognize the role and the relative importance of the different microscopic processes implicit in the model: the driving of the external flow, the inertia of the particles, and the collisions among them....

This paper presents a novel improved fuzzy particle swarm optimization (IFPSO) algorithm to the intelligent identification and control of a dynamic system. The proposed algorithm estimates optimally the parameters of system and controller by minimizing the mean of squared errors. The particle swarm optimization is enhanced intelligently by using a fuzzy inertia weight to rationally balance the ...

The impact of induced technological change (ITC) in energy/climate models on the timing of optimal CO2-abatement depends on whether R&D or learning-by-doing (LBD) is the driving force. Bottom-up energy system models employing LBD suggest strong increases in optimal early abatement. In this paper we extend an existing top-down model supporting this view according to the notion that socio-economi...