With the advancement of endourology, a great variety biomaterial devices have been developed. Several studies reported that formation biofilm and device infection are commonly observed manifestations lead to urinary tract infections. An indwelling double J ureteral stent carries significant risk; negative urine culture does not rule out colonized stent. Hence, assessing extent colonization with...

Geographical Situation of Pakistan The country consists of two wings-East Pakistan and West Pakistanseparated from each other by 1,500 miles of land. By far the greater part of the population (Table I) is concentrated in the relatively small area of East Pakistan in the delta formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, which is the most densely populated part in the world and is conspicuous fo...

Sedimentary archives in the Himalayan foreland basin and Indus submarine fan provide the most detailed records of how changing monsoon strength may have affected erosion and the development of tectonic structures in the western Himalaya during the Neogene. Muscovite Ar-Ar ages show that fast exhumation of the Greater Himalaya was earlier in the west (20–35 Ma) than in the central Himalaya (10–2...

Model checking techniques have proven effective for checking a number of non-trivial concurrent object-oriented software systems. However, due to the high computational and memory costs, a variety of model reduction techniques are needed to overcome current limitations on applicability and scalability. Conventional wisdom holds that static program slicing can be an effective model reduction tec...