Data with acceptable gridded resolution of daily climatic variables are critical for hydrological and water resource modeling. The gauge-based interpolation methods usually used by hydrologic models in general do not cover the spatial heterogeneity of the variability of climatic variables in a catchment. The errors in the interpolated data fields have the potential to significantly bias hydrolo...

Pakistan is highly dependent on water resources originating in the mountain sources of the upper Indus for irrigated agriculture which is the mainstay of its economy. Hence any change in available resources through climate change or socio-economic factors could have a serious impact on food security and the environment. In terms of both ratio of withdrawals to runoff and per-capita water availa...

In Pakistan, on-demand availability of groundwater has transformed the concept of low and uncertain crop yields into more assured crop production. Increased crop yields have resulted in food security and improved rural livelihoods. However, this growth has also led to problems of overdraft, falling water tables, and degradation of groundwater quality, and yields generally remain well below pote...

In general Pakistan is an agricultural country, most of its area including lower Indus basin (LIB) lies in arid and semi-arid zones, where irrigation by canal water and groundwater is only option. Due to continuous seepage from canal irrigation network and infiltration from irrigated lands; without adequate provision of natural and artificial drainage and its appropriate outlet, water-logging a...

Program slicing is a program analysis and transformation technique that has been successfully applied in a wide range of applications including program comprehension, debugging, maintenance, testing, and verification. However, there are only a few full-featured implementations of program slicing that are available for industrial applications or academic research. In particular, very little tool...

in less than 150 words) The Indus Fan with its 1500 Km length, 960 Km maximum width, and 1.1 x 10 (power of 6) sq. Km. area, is the most extensive physiographical province of the Arabian Sea in the northwest Indian Ocean. It is bounded by the continental margin of India-Pakistan and ChagosLaccadive ridge on the east, by the Owen and Murray ridges on the west and north and by the carslberg ridge...

Timing of surface uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has received much attention because of proposed links between high topography and change in regional and global climate, southern Asian paleoecology, and ocean chemistry (Quade et al., 1989; Edmond, 1992; Prell and Kutzbach, 1992; Raymo and Ruddiman, 1992; Molnar et al., 1993; Derry and France-Lanord, 1996). However, the actual vintage of high ele...

The Cretaceous shale intervals of Talhar and Sembar Formations – distributed in the Lower Indus Basin Pakistan are organic-rich shales that can act as gas plays. Two-dimensional seismic using synthetic modeling has been carried out Khewari oil field to identify petroleum This work was completed with help eight processed migrated lines. Based on structural interpretation different geological str...

Research Reports The publications in this series cover a wide range of subjects—from computer modeling to experience with water user associations—and vary in content from directly applicable research to more basic studies, on which applied work ultimately depends. Some research reports are narrowly focused, analytical and detailed empirical studies; others are wide-ranging and synthetic overvie...