BACKGROUND AND AIM: The mechanical removal of plaque by tooth brushing is the most effective way for prevention of caries and periodontal diseases. Some studies indicate that the design and shape of toothbrush could be the effective for this point. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a Classic toothbrush with a Superbrush toothbrush in controlling plaque and gingival bleeding o...

in order to improve the efficiency of irrigation systems and investigate their impact on the pest population levels, furrow and sprinkler irrigation systems were compared in sugar beet fields. in this study, three different fields were chosen and irrigated by one of the furrow, classic and center pivot irrigation systems.  in each field, 20 plots were randomly selected of which 10 plots were ma...

BACKGROUND Lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESIs) are procedures often utilized in the treatment of radicular pain. TFESIs with a preganglionic approach have been reported to be more effective than TFESIs performed using a classic approach. However, it is unknown whether TFESIs using a retrodiscal approach are as effective as other approaches. OBJECTIVE To investigate the ...

The subject of the present dissertation is the automatic speaker-inde¬ pendent recognition of isolated German digits spoken (by Swiss people) over the public switched telephone network. The approaches considered for this task are all based on hidden Markov models (HMMs). In ad¬ dition to the classic HMM approaches, several connectionist ideas are investigated in order to improve the discriminat...

The ways of placing decision making units (DMUs) in certain clusters are found as a subject in statistics, these ways usually are heuristic. The proposed clustering approach in this article considers preferences of DMUs. This study applies Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) DMUs are clustered by solving multi-objective linear problem (MOLP) and by considering preferences of each DMU at production ...

We review the inclusion of dark energy into the formalism of spherical collapse, and the virialization of a two-component system, made of matter and dark energy. We compare two approaches in the literature. The first assumes that only the matter component virializes, e.g. as in the case of a classic cosmological constant. The second approach allows the full system to virialize as a whole. We sh...

This paper describes a case study with a patient in the classic locked-in state, who currently has no means of independent communication. Following a user-centered approach, we investigated event-related potentials (ERP) elicited in different modalities for use in brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. Such systems could provide her with an alternative communication channel. To investigate the...